CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 151Child Nutrition and Water AccessPublic Health and NutritionIron Metabolism and Disorders

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 77 of the 77 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Impact of early-onset persistent stunting on cognitive development at 5 years of age: Results from a multi-country cohort study

Open access
Alam, Md Ashraful, Richard, Stephanie A., Fahim, Shah Mohammad, Mahfuz, Mustafa, Nahar, Baitun, Das, Subhasish, Shrestha, Binod, Koshy, Beena, Mduma, Estomih, Seidman, Jessica C., Murray-Kolb, Laura E., Caulfield, Laura E., Ahmed, Tahmeed·2020·PLoS ONE
DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0227839PMC PMC7032711
Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Globally more than 150 million children under age 5 years were stunted in 2018, primarily in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), and the impact of early-onset, persistent stunting has not been well explored. To explore the association between early-onset persistent stunting in children and cognitive development at 5 years of age, and to identify the factors associated with early-onset stunting. METHODS AND FINDINGS: Children from the MAL-ED cohort study were followed from birth to 5 years of age in six LMICs. The Wechsler Preschool Primary Scales of Intelligence (WPPSI) was used to assess cognitive abilities (fluid reasoning) at 5 years and was adapted for each culture. Stunting was categorized as early-onset persistent (first stunted at 1-6 months and persisting at 60 months), early-onset recovered (first stunted at 1-6 months and not stunted at 60 months), late-onset persistent (first stunted at 7-24 months and persisting at 60 months), late-onset recovered (first stunted at 7-24 months and not stunted at 60 months), and never (never stunted). Mixed effects linear models were used to estimate the relationship between stunting status and cognitive development. Children with early-onset persistent stunting had significantly lower cognitive scores (-2.10 (95% CI: -3.85, -0.35)) compared with those who were never stunted. Transferrin receptor (TfR) was also negatively associated with cognitive development (-0.31 (95% CI: -0.49, -0.13)), while the HOME inventory, an index of quality of the home environment (0.46 (95% CI: 0.21, 0.72)) and socio-economic status (1.50 (95% CI: 1.03, 1.98)) were positively associated with cognitive development. CONCLUSIONS: Early-onset persistent stunting was associated with lower cognitive development in children at 5 years of age in this cohort of children.

Overview

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1371/journal.pone.0227839

Cites

77 of 77 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Verification

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Citations

Cites

Show all 77 references

Research works printed but not linked: 4

  1. UNICEF, 2012, Levels and trends in child malnutrition, Joint child malnutrition estimates
  2. M-EN Investigators, 2014, understanding the consequences for child health and development, Clin Infect Dis, 59
  3. D Wechsler, 2002, The Weschler Preschool and Primary Scales of Intelligence-III—Third Edition (WPPSI–III)
  4. C Northrop-Clewes, 2007, WHO/CDC Assessing the iron status of populations: report of a joint World Health Organization/Centers for Disease Control and Prevention technical consultation on the assessment of iron status at the population level

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Related

See all

Metadata

Authors
Alam, M. A., Richard, S. A., Fahim, S. M., Mahfuz, M., Nahar, B., Das, S., Shrestha, B., Koshy, B., Mduma, E., Seidman, J. C., Murray-Kolb, L. E., Caulfield, L. E., & Ahmed, T.
Affiliations
  • International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research (BD)
  • National Institutes of Health (US)
  • Christian Medical College, Vellore (IN)
  • Haydom Lutheran Hospital (TZ)
  • Johns Hopkins University (US)
Corresponding author
  • Alam, Md Ashraful
  • Richard, Stephanie A.
  • Fahim, Shah Mohammad
  • Mahfuz, Mustafa
  • Nahar, Baitun
  • Das, Subhasish
  • Shrestha, Binod
  • Koshy, Beena
  • Mduma, Estomih
  • Seidman, Jessica C.
  • Caulfield, Laura E.
  • Ahmed, Tahmeed
ORCID
Venue
PLoS ONE
Publisher
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Published
2020-01-24
Volume
15
Issue
1
Pages
e0227839
ISSN
1932-6203 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1371/journal.pone.0227839
PMC
PMC7032711
OpenAlex
W3003135612
Cited by
150
References
77
Citations by year
2026: 11 · 2025: 21 · 2024: 19 · 2023: 32 · 2022: 46 · 2021: 16 · 2020: 5
FWCI
15.95
Type
journal article
Language
en
Update notices
correction (2020-02-20)
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • PLoS ONE (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
  • Figshare (submittedVersion, cc-by)
  • ResearchSpace (University of Auckland) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
  • Greater South Information System
Funders
Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Child Nutrition and Water Access
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Public Health and Nutrition
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Hematology › Iron Metabolism and Disorders
Keywords
cognitive development, fluid reasoning, preschool children, transferrin receptor, family environment, socioeconomic status, low- and middle-income countries, child malnutrition
MeSH terms
Birth Weight, Breast Feeding, Child, Child, Preschool, Cognition, Female, Growth Disorders, Humans, Infant, Inflammation, Intelligence Tests, Male, Poverty, Sanitation, Social Class, Cohort Studies, Linear Models, Cognitive Dysfunction

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review