Cited by 1,409Early Childhood Education and DevelopmentCognitive Abilities and TestingHealth disparities and outcomes

Socioeconomic status and the brain: mechanistic insights from human and animal research

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Hackman, Daniel A., Farah, Martha J., Meaney, Michael J.·2010·Nature Reviews Neuroscience

Abstract

Human brain development occurs within a socioeconomic context and childhood socioeconomic status (SES) influences neural development--particularly of the systems that subserve language and executive function. Research in humans and in animal models has implicated prenatal factors, parent-child interactions and cognitive stimulation in the home environment in the effects of SES on neural development. These findings provide a unique opportunity for understanding how environmental factors can lead to individual differences in brain development, and for improving the programmes and policies that are designed to alleviate SES-related disparities in mental health and academic achievement.

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Crossref · 10.1038/nrn2897

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  • Low SES is associated with decreased performance on complex cognitive tasks, language ability, and overall cognitive and academic achievement.

    “low SES is associated with decreased performance on complex cognitive tasks, including those tapping executive function and long-term memory (Evans and Schamberg, 2009; Farah et al., 2006; Hackman et al., 2010; Kishiyama et al., 2009; Noble et al., 2007), language ability (Fernald et al., 2013; Weisleder and Fernald, 2013), and overall cognitive and academic achievement (Brooks-Gunn and Duncan, 1”

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Authors
Hackman, D. A., Farah, M. J., & Meaney, M. J.
Affiliations
  • University of Pennsylvania (US)
  • Douglas Mental Health University Institute (CA)
Corresponding author
Meaney, Michael J.
Venue
Nature Reviews Neuroscience
Published
2010-09
Volume
11
Issue
9
Pages
651-659
ISSN
  • 1471-003X (ISSN-L)
  • 1471-0048
OpenAlex
W1993227273
Cited by
1,409
References
167
Citations by year
2026: 70 · 2025: 86 · 2024: 79 · 2023: 72 · 2022: 93 · 2021: 127 · 2020: 98 · 2019: 110 · 2018: 110 · 2017: 122 · 2016: 91 · 2015: 91 · 2014: 76 · 2013: 79 · 2012: 74
FWCI
48.39
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Nature reviews. Neuroscience (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
  • ScholarlyCommons (University of Pennsylvania) (submittedVersion)
  • Scholarly Commons (University of Pennsylvania) (submittedVersion)
Funders
  • Heffter Research Institute
  • Canadian Institutes of Health Research
  • National Institute on Drug Abuse (R01 DA 14129, R01DA014129)
  • Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (R01HD055689)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Education › Early Childhood Education and Development
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Cognitive Abilities and Testing
  • Social Sciences › Health › Health disparities and outcomes
Keywords
socioeconomic status, brain development, prenatal factors, parent-child interaction, cognitive stimulation, family environment, language development, executive function, mental health disparities, academic performance, animal models
MeSH terms
Animals, Mental Disorders, Brain, Cognition, Humans, Social Class

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