Prevalence of COVID-19 in adolescents and youth compared with older adults in states experiencing surges
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Abstract
Purpose: There has been considerable controversy regarding susceptibility of adolescents (10–19 years) and youth (15–24 years) to COVID-19. However, a number of studies have reported that adolescents are significantly less susceptible than older adults. Summer 2020 provided an opportunity to examine data on prevalence since after months of lockdowns, with the easing of restrictions, people were mingling, leading to surges in cases. Methods: We examined data from Departments of Health websites in six U.S. states experiencing surges in cases to determine prevalence of COVID-19, and two prevalence-related measures, in adolescents and youth as compared to older adults. The two other measures related to prevalence were: (Percentage of cases observed in a given age group) ÷ (percentage of cases expected based on population demographics); and percentage deviation, or [(% observed—% expected)/ % expected] x 100. Results: Prevalence of COVID-19 for adolescents and for youth was significantly greater than for older adults (p < .00001), as was percentage observed ÷ percentage expected (p < .005). The percentage deviation was significantly greater in adolescents/youth than in older adults (p < 0.00001) when there was an excess of observed cases over what was expected, and significantly less when observed cases were fewer than expected (p< 0.00001). Conclusions: Our results are contrary to previous findings that adolescents are less susceptible than older adults. Possible reasons for the findings are suggested, and we note that public health messaging targeting adolescents and youth might be helpful in curbing the pandemic. Also, the findings of the potential for high transmission among adolescents and youth, should be factored into decisions regarding school reopening.
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School-age children represent a high proportion of Covid-19 cases and may play an important role in transmission of SARS-CoV-2, including spread of the delta variant.
“School-age children represent a high proportion of Covid-19 cases,10 and they may play an important role in the transmission of SARS-CoV-2,11,12 including spread of the highly transmissible B.1.617.2 (or delta) variant.13,14”
From Evaluation of the BNT162b2 Covid-19 Vaccine in Children 5 to 11 Years of Age (2022) · cites this paper as [11]
Adolescents may play an important role in SARS-CoV-2 transmission.
“Adolescents may play an important role in SARS-CoV-2 transmission.12,13”
From Safety, immunogenicity, and efficacy of the BNT162b2 covid-19 vaccine in adolescents (2021) · cites this paper as [12]
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- Authors
- Rumain, B., Schneiderman, M., & Geliebter, A.
- Affiliations
- New York Medical College (US)
- SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University (US)
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (US)
- Corresponding author
- Rumain, Barbara
- Venue
- PLOS ONE
- Publisher
- Public Library of Science (PLoS)
- Published
- 2021-03-10
- Volume
- 16
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- e0242587
- ISSN
- 1932-6203 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC7946189
- OpenAlex
- W3135804496
- Cited by
- 73
- References
- 16
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 19 · 2022: 22 · 2021: 7
- FWCI
- 5.99
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- PLoS ONE (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- medRxiv (acceptedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Touro Scholar (Touro College) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Touro Scholar (Touro College) (submittedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Mathematics › Modeling and Simulation › COVID-19 epidemiological studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Keywords
- COVID-19 pandemic, adolescents, youth, older adults, disease susceptibility, COVID-19 surge, school reopening, public health communication, United States
- MeSH terms
- COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, Adolescent, Adult, Age Factors, Child, Communicable Disease Control, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Schools, United States, Prevalence, Pandemics
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