Factor structure and invariance analysis of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale—revised (CESD-R) in a Brazilian population
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Introduction: The Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale – Revised (CESD-R) was developed to provide an efficient screening scale for depression syndrome, mimicking the original CESD, one of the most widely used screening tools to measure depressive symptoms globally. This investigation examined the factor structure of the CESD-R with a non-clinical Brazilian population. Method: We performed exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) of two adult samples, and also conducted invariance analysis by sex and place of residence of the participants. The full sample consisted of 1,427 adults, divided into two groups. The first sample (n = 400) was used for the EFA and the second sample (n = 1027) for the CFA. Results: The EFA indicated an internal structure composed of a single factor, which explained 53.2% of the variance. The CFA attested to the unidimensionality of the measure. Fit indices and reliability indicators showed values higher than expected, without modifications in the initial structure. The model was invariant in relation to the variables investigated at four different levels (configural, metric, scalar, and strict). Conclusions: Our findings support the utility of the CESD-R and suggest its validity for application to the Brazilian population in general.
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The CESD-R has good reliability and validity in its English, Spanish, Brazilian-Portuguese, and Dutch versions.
“CESD-R has good reliability and validity in its versions in English (Eaton et al., 2004), Spanish (González-Forteza et al., 2011), Brazilian-Portuguese (Faro et al., 2020), and Dutch (Beekman et al., 1997).”
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Dominguez-Rodriguez, A., Herdoiza-Arroyo, P. E., González-Ramírez, L. P., Martínez-Arriaga, R. J., Villarreal-Zegarra, D., Santos da Silva, A. C., González-Cantero, J. O., Vargas Salinas, V. S., S. Mensorio, M., Cisneros Hernández, A. A., et al. (2024) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1279847 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
- Authors
- Faro, A., Nunes dos Santos, D., Eaton, W. W., Department of Psychology, F. U. O. S., Department of Mental Health, B. S. O. P. H., Department of Psychology, F. U. O. S., & Department of Mental Health, B. S. O. P. H.
- Affiliations
- Federal University of Sergipe (UFS)
- Federal University of Sergipe
- Johns Hopkins University (US)
- Venue
- Suma Psicológica
- Published
- 2021-04-30
- Volume
- 28
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 10-16
- ISSN
- 0121-4381 (ISSN-L)
- 2145-9797
- OpenAlex
- W3140549307
- Cited by
- 4
- References
- 29
- Citations by year
- 2024: 2 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 1
- FWCI
- 0.61
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Suma Psicológica (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Redalyc (Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Management Science and Operations Research › Psychometric Methodologies and Testing
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Mental Health Research Topics
- Keywords
- Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, depression screening, factor structure, measurement invariance, unidimensionality, Brazilian adults, psychometric validation, sex differences, place of residence
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