Cited by 317Hypothalamic control of reproductive hormonesReproductive Biology and FertilityGrowth Hormone and Insulin-like Growth Factors

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GnRH Pulsatility, the Pituitary Response and Reproductive Dysfunction

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TSUTSUMI, Rie, WEBSTER, Nicholas J.G.·2009·Endocrine Journal

DOI 10.1507/endocrj.k09e-185PMC PMC4307809

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Abstract

GnRH plays an essential role in neuroendocrine control of reproductive function. In mammals, the pattern of gonadotropin secretion includes both pulse and surge phases, which are regulated independently. The pulsatile release of GnRH and LH plays an important role in the development of sexual function and in the normal regulation of the menstrual cycle. The importance of GnRH pulsatility was established in a series of classic studies. Fertility is impaired when GnRH pulsatility is inhibited by chronic malnutrition, excessive caloric expenditure, or aging. A number of reproductive disorders in women with including hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, hypothlamic amenorrhea, hyperprolactinemia and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) are also associated with disruption of the normal pulsatile GnRH secretion. Despite these findings, the molecular mechanisms of this pulsatile GnRH regulation are not well understood. Here, we review recent studies about GnRH pulsatility, signaling and transcriptional response, and its implications for disease.

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“GnRH pulses are required for reproductive functions in both sexes, and the importance of these pulses in driving reproduction has been described in primates and humans (Tsutsumi & Webster, 2009).”
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Authors: TSUTSUMI, R., & WEBSTER, N. J. G.
Affiliations: University of California System (US)
Corresponding author: WEBSTER, Nicholas J.G.
ORCID: TSUTSUMI, Rie
WEBSTER, Nicholas J.G.
Venue: Endocrine Journal
Publisher: Japan Endocrine Society
Published: 2009
Volume: 56
Issue: 6
Pages: 729-737
ISSN: 0918-8959 (ISSN-L)
1348-4540
DOI: 10.1507/endocrj.k09e-185
PMC: PMC4307809
OpenAlex: W2068905180
Cited by: 317
References: 51
Citations by year: 2026: 28 · 2025: 24 · 2024: 39 · 2023: 26 · 2022: 25 · 2021: 28 · 2020: 34 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 16 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 10 · 2012: 13
FWCI: 1.41
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Locations: Endocrine Journal (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders: National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (P30DK063491)
Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (P50HD012303, U54HD012303, R01HD047400)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Hypothalamic control of reproductive hormones
Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Reproductive Biology and Fertility
Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Growth Hormone and Insulin-like Growth Factors
Keywords: GnRH pulsatility, gonadotropin secretion, luteinizing hormone surge, gonadotrophs, reproductive disorders, hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, hypothalamic amenorrhea, hyperprolactinemia, polycystic ovary syndrome, menstrual cycle regulation, GnRH signaling, fertility
MeSH terms: Animals, Female, Humans, Infertility, Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone, Male, Pituitary Gland, Reproduction

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GnRH Pulsatility, the Pituitary Response and Reproductive Dysfunction

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