The DOI matches its Crossref record; 3 of the 3 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
The effects of smoking and nicotine ingestion on exercise heat tolerance
Abstract
Background: Smoking has a thermogenic effect and is associated with low physical performance. Nevertheless, a direct, quantitative effect of acute smoking on exercise heat tolerance has not been reported. Methods: Sixteen healthy young male volunteers, eight cigarette smokers, and eight non-smokers participated in the study. All subjects performed a maximal oxygen consumption test (VO 2max ) and a standardized heat tolerance test (HTT) after at least 12 h without smoking under the following conditions: no nicotine exposure, 10 min after nicotine exposure (2 mg nicotine lozenge), and 10 min after smoking two cigarettes (0.8 mg nicotine in each cigarette, smokers only). Results: There was no significant effect of nicotine exposure on physiological performance and heat tolerance in the non-smokers group. In the smokers group, cigarette smoking, but not nicotine ingestion, resulted with higher heart rate (by 9±9 bpm) at the end of the HTT (p<0.05). Moreover, both smoking and nicotine ingestion increased smokers’ rectal temperature at the end of the HTT (by 0.24±0.16°C and 0.21±0.26°C, respectively, p<0.05) and were associated with higher sweat rate during the HTT (by 0.08±0.07 g/h and 0.06±0.08 g/h, respectively, p<0.05). Heart rate variability (HRV) analysis also revealed a higher LF/HF (low frequency/high frequency) ratio after exposure to nicotine and smoking in the smokers group compared with no exposure (2.13±2.57 and 2.48±2.76, respectively, p<0.05), indicating a higher sympathetic tone. Conclusions: According to this preliminary study, cigarette smoking and nicotine ingestion increase the physiological strain during a HTT in smokers. Acute smoking may, therefore, increase heat intolerance and the risk to heat injuries.
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“Of the five studies that assessed sub- or maximal endurance, only one demonstrated an ergogenic effect with nicotine [46], whilst the other four demonstrated no change [22, 62] or did not explicitly report time or work completed [18, 58].”
From Nicotine: Sporting Friend or Foe? A Review of Athlete Use, Performance Consequences and Other Considerations (2017) · cites this paper as [18]
In the citing paper
“Furthermore, of the four studies that included habitual nicotine users [3, 18, 21, 58], only one [21] noted an ergolytic effect when regular users consumed rather than abstained from tobacco, whilst the other three demonstrated no such performance detriment with nicotine use when users remained abstinent.”
From Nicotine: Sporting Friend or Foe? A Review of Athlete Use, Performance Consequences and Other Considerations (2017) · cites this paper as [18]
In the citing paper
“all previous NRT studies [18, 22, 46, 47, 53] have administered fixed doses.”
From Nicotine: Sporting Friend or Foe? A Review of Athlete Use, Performance Consequences and Other Considerations (2017) · cites this paper as [18]
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Cites
Heart rate variability: A review
Rajendra Acharya, U., Paul Joseph, K., Kannathal, N., Lim, C. M., & Suri, J. S. (2006) · Medical & Biological Engineering & Computing · doi:10.1007/s11517-006-0119-0 · Cited by 2,820
PICCIOTTO, M., ADDY, N., MINEUR, Y., & BRUNZELL, D. (2008) · Progress in Neurobiology · doi:10.1016/j.pneurobio.2007.12.005 · Cited by 460 · cited 1×
“We suggest that in lower doses, the effect of nicotine on the autonomic system is highly dependent upon previous exposure to nicotine: Chronic nicotine exposure causes upregulation of nAChRs, which may lead to further activation of the nAChRs [13] and, thus, produce a more significant response to the same nicotine dos…”
ResultAcute effects of cigarette smoking and inhalation of carbon monoxide during maximal exercise
Klausen, K., Andersen, C., & Nandrup, S. (1983) · European Journal of Applied Physiology and Occupational Physiology · doi:10.1007/bf00429074 · Cited by 67
Research works printed but not linked: 11
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Cited by
Mündel, T. (2017) · Sports Medicine · doi:10.1007/s40279-017-0764-5 · Cited by 71
Metadata
- Authors
- Druyan, A., Atias, D., Ketko, I., Cohen-Sivan, Y., & Heled, Y.
- Venue
- Journal of Basic and Clinical Physiology and Pharmacology
- Publisher
- Walter de Gruyter GmbH
- Published
- 2016-11-10
- Volume
- 28
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 167-170
- ISSN
- 2191-0286
- 0792-6855
- Cited by
- 15
- References
- 3
- Language
- en
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