Targeting disease through novel pathways of apoptosis and autophagy
Open accessAbstract
INTRODUCTION: Apoptosis and autophagy impact cell death in multiple systems of the body. Development of new therapeutic strategies that target these processes must address their complex role during developmental cell growth as well as during the modulation of toxic cellular environments. AREAS COVERED: Novel signaling pathways involving Wnt1-inducible signaling pathway protein 1 (WISP1), phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), protein kinase B (Akt), β-catenin and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) govern apoptotic and autophagic pathways during oxidant stress that affect the course of a broad spectrum of disease entities including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, myocardial injury, skeletal system trauma, immune system dysfunction and cancer progression. Implications of potential biological and clinical outcome for these signaling pathways are presented. EXPERT OPINION: The CCN family member WISP1 and its intimate relationship with canonical and non-canonical wingless signaling pathways of PI3K, Akt1, β-catenin and mTOR offer an exciting approach for governing the pathways of apoptosis and autophagy especially in clinical disorders that are currently without effective treatments. Future studies that can elucidate the intricate role of these cytoprotective pathways during apoptosis and autophagy can further the successful translation and development of these cellular targets into robust and safe clinical therapeutic strategies.
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Apoptosis in cells involves both an early phase consisting of exposure of membrane PS residues and a late phase involving destruction of genomic DNA.
“Apoptosis in cells involves both an early phase consisting of the exposure of membrane PS residues and a late phase that involves the destruction of genomic DNA [23, 45–47].”
From Tuberous Sclerosis Protein 2 (TSC2) Modulates CCN4 Cytoprotection During Apoptotic Amyloid Toxicity in Microglia (2013) · cites this paper as [47]
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Termination of autophagy and reformation of lysosomes regulated by mTOR
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Obesity associated disease risk: the role of inherent differences and location of adipose depots
Hill, J. H., Solt, C., & Foster, M. T. (2018) · Hormone Molecular Biology and Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1515/hmbci-2018-0012 · Cited by 79 · see citing works
Chen Shang, Y., Zhong Chong, Z., Wang, S., & Maiese, K. (2013) · Current Neurovascular Research · doi:10.2174/156720213804806007 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
“Apoptosis in cells involves both an early phase consisting of the exposure of membrane PS residues and a late phase that involves the destruction of genomic DNA [23, 45–47].”
BackgroundSelf-citationWang, S., Zhong Chong, Z., Chen Shang, Y., & Maiese, K. (2013) · Current Neurovascular Research · doi:10.2174/156720213804805945 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Self-citationYang, X., Wang, H., Tu, Y., Li, Y., Zou, Y., Li, G., Wang, L., & Zhong, X. (2020) · Journal of Cellular Physiology · doi:10.1002/jcp.29187 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
- Authors
- Maiese, K., Chong, Z. Z., Shang, Y. C., & Wang, S.
- Affiliations
- Rutgers Cancer Institute (US)
- Corresponding author
- Maiese, Kenneth
- Venue
- Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Targets
- Publisher
- Informa Healthcare
- Published
- 2012-08-27
- Volume
- 16
- Issue
- 12
- Pages
- 1203-1214
- ISSN
- 1472-8222 (ISSN-L)
- 1744-7631
- PMC
- PMC3500415
- OpenAlex
- W2097566177
- Cited by
- 150
- References
- 7
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 16 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 21 · 2015: 15 · 2014: 16 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 1.25
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Targets (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NS059346-03S1, R01NS053946, NS059346-04)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Cell death mechanisms and regulation
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Autophagy in Disease and Therapy
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling in cancer
- Keywords
- apoptosis, autophagy, WISP1, CCN family, Wnt signaling, PI3K/Akt signaling, β-catenin, mTOR, oxidative stress, neurodegenerative diseases, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, myocardial injury, tumor progression, therapeutic target
- MeSH terms
- Autophagy, Disease, Humans, Proto-Oncogene Proteins, Apoptosis, Oxidative Stress, Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases, Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt, beta Catenin, CCN Intercellular Signaling Proteins, TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases
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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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