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Comparison of Internal and External Training Loads in Male and Female Collegiate Soccer Players During Practices vs. Games

McFadden, Bridget A., Walker, Alan J., Bozzini, Brittany N., Sanders, David J., Arent, Shawn M.·2020·Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research
DOI 10.1519/jsc.0000000000003485
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Abstract

McFadden, BA, Walker, AJ, Bozzini, BN, Sanders, DJ, and Arent, SM. Comparison of internal and external training loads in male and female collegiate soccer players during practices vs. games. J Strength Cond Res 34(4): 969–974, 2020—The purpose of this study was to compare the internal and external training loads (TLs) in men and women throughout a Division I soccer season during practices versus games. Players were evaluated during all practices and regulation game play using the Polar TeamPro system, utilizing Global Positioning Satellite technology and heart rate (HR) monitoring to determine TL, time spent in HR zones expressed as a percent of HRmax (HR Z1–Z5 ), calories expended per kilogram body mass (Kcal·kg −1 ), distance covered (DIS), sprints, average speed (SPD AVG ), and distance covered in speed zones (DIS Z1–Z5 ). During games, no significant differences were seen between men and women for TL, Kcal·kg −1 , HR Z1–Z5 , SPD AVG , DIS, DIS Z1 , DIS Z3 , and DIS Z4 . However, men accumulated a significantly greater number of sprints and DIS Z5 ( p < 0.05) during games, whereas women accumulated a greater DIS Z2 ( p < 0.05). During practice, no differences were observed for TL, DIS, sprints, Kcal·kg −1 , DIS Z2 , DIS Z3 , HR Z1–Z5 , but men exhibited higher SPD AVG , ( p < 0.05), DIS Z1 ( p < 0.05), DIS Z4 ( p < 0.05), and DIS Z5 ( p < 0.05). The parallels in Kcal·kg −1 , total DIS, HR, and TL indicate a similar relative workload between men and women. However, distance covered in higher speed zones was found to be greater in men than women across practice and games likely reflecting inherent sex differences in the ability to achieve those speeds. Monitoring techniques that track relative player workloads throughout practices and games may enhance player health and performance during the season. An individualized approach to tracking high-intensity running may improve workload prescriptions on a per player basis.

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  • Planned periodization of changing energy availability status may be advantageous to attenuate negative consequences of LEA and achieve optimal body composition and power-to-weight ratios for competition.

    “Planned periodization of changing EA status may be advantageous to attenuate the negative consequences of LEA and achieve optimal body composition and power-to-weight ratios for competition [142].”

    From International society of sports nutrition position stand: nutritional concerns of the female athlete (2023) · cites this paper as [142]

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Authors
McFadden, B. A., Walker, A. J., Bozzini, B. N., Sanders, D. J., & Arent, S. M.
Affiliations
  • University of South Carolina (US)
  • Lebanon Valley College (US)
  • Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey (US)
Corresponding author
Arent, Shawn M.
ORCID
Venue
Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research
Publisher
Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Published
2020-01-16
Volume
34
Issue
4
Pages
969-974
ISSN
1064-8011 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1519/jsc.0000000000003485
OpenAlex
W3000315506
Cited by
75
References
26
Citations by year
2026: 4 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 16 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 15 · 2020: 5
FWCI
11.75
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Rutgers University Community Repository (Rutgers University) (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Sports Performance and Training
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Sports injuries and prevention
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Sport Psychology and Performance
Keywords
internal training load, external load, sex differences, college soccer, GPS tracking, heart rate monitoring, high-intensity running, sprint distance, distance covered
MeSH terms
Adolescent, Energy Metabolism, Female, Heart Rate, Humans, Male, Running, Sex Factors, Soccer, Universities, Athletic Performance, Young Adult

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