Collegiate Rowing Crew Performance Varies by Morningness-Eveningness
Abstract
During adolescence and early adulthood, most humans are predisposed developmentally, both biologically and socially, toward evening/night activity. The morningness-eveningness (M-E) tendency to be an evening-preferring (E-type) rather than a morning-preferring (M-type) or intermediate/neither (N-type) "chronotype" may affect athletic performance at various times of day. This study evaluated M-E effects on rowing performance of an intact, experienced, university club crew with near-daily early morning (0500-0700 hours) and late afternoon (1630-1800 hours) training schedules. The hypothesis tested was that chronotype would modify circadian effects during morning and afternoon performances. Eight men and eight women (mean age 19.6 +/- 1.5 years) were tested in a randomized, counterbalanced design. A standard qualifying 2000-m ergometer rowing sprint and a nonroutine standing broad jump task were measured during early morning and late afternoon, separated by 3 days of rest. Each subject's chronotype was determined using two standard self-rating M-E scales, resulting in eight E-type (three women/five men), four M-type (two women/two men), and four N-type (three women/one man) subjects. The rowing results show that E-type and N-type subjects did not differ between morning and afternoon rowing performances, whereas M-type subjects rowed significantly faster in the morning. In contrast, the standing broad jump showed no consistent time-of-day or chronotype effect. These findings suggest that basic performance timing in young athletes is determined to some extent by naturally occurring M-E predispositions. Further, modification of time-of-day influences may be possible by routine practice at the same time each day, as was suggested here by the absence of evening superiority in performances. Understanding their personal M-E tendencies could allow young athletes to arrange training schedules at specific times of day to help counteract any natural circadian influences that might work against their performance.
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Early chronotypes perform activities better during the morning hours.
“Early chronotypes perform activities better during the morning hours [21] while late chronotypes may have poorer recovery from morning exercise [22].”
From Smoking, screen-based sedentary behavior, and diet associated with habitual sleep duration and chronotype: data from the UK Biobank (2016) · cites this paper as [21]
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- Authors
- Brown, F. M., Neft, E. E., & LaJambe, C. M.
- Affiliations
- Pennsylvania State University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Brown, Frederick M
- Venue
- Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research
- Published
- 2008-11
- Volume
- 22
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 1894-1900
- ISSN
- 1064-8011 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2028131127
- Cited by
- 76
- References
- 26
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 2 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 0.29
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Pennsylvania State University
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Circadian rhythm and melatonin
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Sports Performance and Training
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and Work-Related Fatigue
- Keywords
- chronotype, rowing performance, circadian rhythm, time of day effects, youth athletes, training scheduling, ergometer rowing, standing long jump
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Analysis of Variance, Circadian Rhythm, Female, Humans, Life Style, Male, Physical Education and Training, Ergometry, Athletic Performance
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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