The DOI matches its Crossref record; 36 of the 36 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Explaining Why More Americans Have No Religious Preference: Political Backlash and Generational Succession, 1987-2012
Open accessAbstract
Michael Hout, Claude S. Fischer Sociological Science, October 13, 2014 DOI 10.15195/v1.a24 Abstract Twenty percent of American adults claimed no religious preference in 2012, compared to 7 percent twenty-five years earlier.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Data Analysis Using Regression and Multilevel/Hierarchical Models
Gelman, A., & Hill, J. (2006) · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511790942 · Cited by 13,597
Multilevel and Longitudinal Modeling Using Stata
(2006) · Biometrics · doi:10.1111/j.1541-0420.2006.00588_16.x · Cited by 4,236
Fixed Effects Regression Models
Allison, P. (2009) · doi:10.4135/9781412993869 · Cited by 3,999
Party Systems and Voter Alignments
Schoultz, S. V. (2017) · The SAGE Handbook of Electoral Behaviour: Volume 2 · doi:10.4135/9781473957978.n3 · Cited by 1,761
Cleveland, W. S. (1993) · Cited by 1,698
(2007) · Cited by 1,428
American grace: how religion divides and unites us
(2011) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.48-5765 · Cited by 1,401
Counterfactuals and Causal Inference: Methods and Principles for Social Research
Morgan, S. L., & Winship, C. (2007) · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511804564 · Cited by 1,146
Secularization as Declining Religious Authority
Chaves, M. A. (1994) · Social Forces · doi:10.1093/sf/72.3.749 · Cited by 932
Why More Americans Have No Religious Preference: Politics and Generations
Hout, M., & Fischer, C. S. (2002) · American Sociological Review · doi:10.1177/000312240206700201 · Cited by 836
Self-citation
Cited by
Is the United States a Counterexample to the Secularization Thesis?
Voas, D., & Chaves, M. (2016) · American Journal of Sociology · doi:10.1086/684202 · Cited by 485
Gemara, N., Mishna, F., & Katz, C. (2025) · Child & Family Social Work · doi:10.1111/cfs.13069 · Cited by 18
Evangelical protestantism, politics, and the environment: when and how do biblical beliefs matter?
Hempel, L., & Smith, E. K. (2020) · Society & Natural Resources · doi:10.1080/08941920.2019.1664681 · Cited by 12
Metadata
- Authors
- Hout, M., & Fischer, C.
- Venue
- Sociological Science
- Publisher
- Society for Sociological Science
- Published
- 2014
- Volume
- 1
- Pages
- 423-447
- ISSN
- 2330-6696 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2066916480
- Cited by
- 419
- References
- 36
- FWCI
- 77.83
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Explaining Why More Americans Have No Religious Preference: Political Backlash and Generational Succession, 1987-2012. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.15195/v1.a24
- The paper
- Hout, M., & Fischer, C. (2014). Explaining Why More Americans Have No Religious Preference: Political Backlash and Generational Succession, 1987-2012. Sociological Science. https://doi.org/10.15195/v1.a24
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
