The DOI matches its Crossref record; 58 of the 58 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Lesions of the Basal Amygdala Block Expression of Conditioned Fear But Not Extinction
Open accessAbstract
Although the role of the amygdala in acquisition of conditioned fear is well established, there is debate concerning the intra-amygdala circuits involved. The lateral nucleus of the amygdala (LA) is thought to be an essential site of plasticity in fear conditioning. The LA has both direct and indirect [via the basal nuclei; basal amygdala (BA)] projections to the central nucleus (Ce) of the amygdala, an essential output for fear behaviors. Lesions of the LA or Ce prevent acquisition of conditioned freezing to a conditioned stimulus, but BA lesions do not, suggesting that the BA is not normally involved in fear conditioning. If true, posttraining BA lesions should also have no effect. Replicating previous studies, we found that rats given electrolytic BA lesions before training acquired conditioned fear normally. They also showed normal long-term retention and extinction of conditioned fear. Unexpectedly, BA lesions made after training completely blocked expression of conditioned fear. Despite this deficit, lesioned rats were able to learn a new tone-shock association. Thus, although the LA-Ce system is sufficient for fear acquisition in the absence of the BA, it is not sufficient when the BA is present, suggesting that the BA is an important site of plasticity in fear conditioning. The pattern of lesion deficits we observed (after but not before training) might be explained by homeostatic mechanisms that balance plasticity over multiple inputs, regulating the influence of the BA and LA onto Ce output neurons.
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“In animal studies, amygdala lesions result in a reduction of fear behavior (Anglada-Figueroa & Quirk 2005; Davis & Whalen 2001; Kalin et al. 2004)”
From The Adolescent Brain (2008) · cites this paper as Anglada-Figueroa & Quirk 2005
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Cites
The Rat Brain in Stereotaxic Coordinates
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LeDoux, J. E. (2000) · Annual Review of Neuroscience · doi:10.1146/annurev.neuro.23.1.155 · Cited by 8,444
Homeostatic plasticity in the developing nervous system
Turrigiano, G. G., & Nelson, S. B. (2004) · Nature Reviews Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nrn1327 · Cited by 2,485
Neurons in medial prefrontal cortex signal memory for fear extinction
Milad, M. R., & Quirk, G. J. (2002) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature01138 · Cited by 1,836 · cited 4×
“The LA and IL are reciprocally connected (Condé et al., 1995; Vertes, 2004), and recent data suggest that the IL is a site of consolidation of extinction memory (Milad and Quirk, 2002; Hugues et al., 2004; Santini et al., 2004) (but see Gewirtz et al., 1997).”
BackgroundInfluentialSelf-citationLeDoux, J. E. (1995) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev.ps.46.020195.001233 · Cited by 1,646
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Differential projections of the infralimbic and prelimbic cortex in the rat
Vertes, R. P. (2004) · Synapse · doi:10.1002/syn.10279 · Cited by 1,550
Neuronal signalling of fear memory
Maren, S., & Quirk, G. J. (2004) · Nature Reviews Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nrn1535 · Cited by 1,428
Self-citationStructural plasticity and memory
Lamprecht, R., & LeDoux, J. (2004) · Nature Reviews Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nrn1301 · Cited by 1,010
Pitkänen, A., Savander, V., & LeDoux, J. E. (1997) · Trends in Neurosciences · doi:10.1016/s0166-2236(97)01125-9 · Cited by 980
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Casey, B. J., Jones, R. M., & Hare, T. A. (2008) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1196/annals.1440.010 · Cited by 3,345
Effects of an expanding-spaced vs massed exposure schedule on fear reduction and return of fear
Rowe, M. K., & Craske, M. G. (1998) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/s0005-7967(97)10016-x · Cited by 1,782
Neural Mechanisms of Extinction Learning and Retrieval
Quirk, G. J., & Mueller, D. (2008) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1038/sj.npp.1301555 · Cited by 1,645
Self-citationMyers, K. M., & Davis, M. (2007) · Molecular Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/sj.mp.4001939 · Cited by 1,277
Sierra-Mercado, D., Padilla-Coreano, N., & Quirk, G. J. (2011) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1038/npp.2010.184 · Cited by 1,190
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Metadata
- Authors
- Anglada-Figueroa, D., & Quirk, G. J.
- Affiliations
- Ponce Health Sciences University (PR)
- Corresponding author
- Quirk, Gregory J.
- ORCID
- Quirk, Gregory J.
- Venue
- The Journal of Neuroscience
- Publisher
- Society for Neuroscience
- Published
- 2005-10-19
- Volume
- 25
- Issue
- 42
- Pages
- 9680-9685
- ISSN
- 0270-6474 (ISSN-L)
- 1529-2401
- PMC
- PMC6725741
- OpenAlex
- W2079935199
- Cited by
- 238
- References
- 58
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 15 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 14 · 2015: 16 · 2014: 15 · 2013: 18 · 2012: 12
- FWCI
- 7.94
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Neuroscience (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (5s06gm008239-23)
- National Institute of Mental Health (R01-MH-58883, R01MH058883)
- National Institute of General Medical Sciences (S06 GM-08239, S06-GM 008239)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Keywords
- basal amygdala, fear conditioning, fear extinction, lateral amygdala, central amygdala, amygdala lesions, fear expression, homeostatic plasticity
- MeSH terms
- Amygdala, Animals, Conditioning, Psychological, Extinction, Psychological, Fear, Male, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Rats
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