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miR-155-3p Drives the Development of Autoimmune Demyelination by Regulation of Heat Shock Protein 40

Mycko, Marcin P., Cichalewska, Maria, Cwiklinska, Hanna, Selmaj, Krzysztof W.·2015·The Journal of Neuroscience
DOI 10.1523/jneurosci.2830-15.2015
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Abstract

microRNA-155 (miR-155) plays an important role in posttranscriptional gene regulation of the immune system. We and others have described miR-155 upregulation in T helper cells (Th) during the development of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an animal model of multiple sclerosis. We have shown that mice in which the miR-155 host gene (MIR155HG) has been deactivated are resistant to EAE. MIR155HG produces two different miRNA strands, miR-155-5p and miR-155-3p, and miR-155-5p has been considered the only functional miR-155 form. Surprisingly, we found that miR-155-3p is also strongly upregulated in Th cells infiltrating the brain in EAE. Functional manipulation of miR-155-3p expression revealed its particular role in regulation of Th17 development. The search for miRNA-155–3p target genes highlighted transcripts of two heat shock protein 40 genes,Dnaja2 and Dnajb1. These two genes negatively regulated Th17 differentiation, leading to decreased EAE. Therefore, our findings provide new insights into a previously unknown mechanism by which miR-155-3p controls Th17 cell differentiation and autoimmune demyelination. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Multiple sclerosis (MS) is brain-specific autoimmune disease mediated by T helper (Th) cells autoreactive to myelin. The mechanisms leading to MS are not fully understood and microRNAs (miRNAs) emerge as important regulators of the process. We report that, in an MS murine model of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, miR-155 controls Th cell function by an unusual mechanism involving a rare form, miR-155-3p. miR-155-3p is specifically found in brain-infiltrating myelin-autoreactive CD4+T cells and contributes to the development of an encephalitogenic Th17 population. miR-155-3p promotes Th17 by inhibiting two heat shock protein 40 genes,Dnaja2 and Dnajb1. Our findings indicate a unique miRNA function in the brain-infiltrating Th cells and suggest Dnaja2 and Dnajb1 as targets for intervention in autoimmune demyelination.

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  • miR-155* (3p) targets Hsp40-family genes Dnaja2 and Dnajb1, whose down-regulation appears to directly contribute to disease pathogenesis.

    “miR‐155* (3p) targets the Hsp40‐family genes Dnaja2 and Dnajb1, whose down‐regulation appears to directly contribute to the disease pathogenesis (Mycko et al., 2015), (Table 1).”

    From microRNA strand selection: Unwinding the rules (2021) · cites this paper as Mycko et al., 2015

  • In animal models of multiple sclerosis, miR-155* (3p) is highly up-regulated in T-helper (Th) cells and promotes Th17 cell differentiation.

    “In animal models of multiple sclerosis, miR‐155* (3p) is highly up‐regulated in T‐helper (Th) cells, and promotes Th17 cell differentiation (Mycko et al., 2015).”

    From microRNA strand selection: Unwinding the rules (2021) · cites this paper as Mycko et al., 2015

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Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Mycko, M. P., Cichalewska, M., Cwiklinska, H., & Selmaj, K. W.
Venue
The Journal of Neuroscience
Publisher
Society for Neuroscience
Published
2015-12-16
Volume
35
Issue
50
Pages
16504-16515
ISSN
  • 0270-6474
  • 1529-2401
DOI
10.1523/jneurosci.2830-15.2015
Cited by
83
References
4
Language
en
Licence
creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ (vor, 183 d)

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