Complete Pattern of Ocular Dominance Columns in Human Primary Visual Cortex
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The occipital lobes were obtained after death from six adult subjects with monocular visual loss. Flat-mounts were processed for cytochrome oxidase (CO) to reveal metabolic activity in the primary (V1) and secondary (V2) visual cortices. Mean V1 surface area was 2643 mm 2 (range, 1986–3477 mm 2 ). Ocular dominance columns were present in all cases, having a mean width of 863 μm. There were 78–126 column pairs along the V1 perimeter. Human column patterns were highly variable, but in at least one person they resembled a scaled-up version of macaque columns. CO patches in the upper layers were centered on ocular dominance columns in layer 4C, with one exception. In this individual, the columns in a local area resembled those present in the squirrel monkey, and no evidence was found for column/patch alignment. In every subject, the blind spot of the contralateral eye was conspicuous as an oval region without ocular dominance columns. It provided a precise landmark for delineating the central 15° of the visual field. A mean of 53.1% of striate cortex was devoted to the representation of the central 15°. This fraction was less than the proportion of striate cortex allocated to the representation of the central 15° in the macaque. Within the central 15°, each eye occupied an equal territory. Beyond this eccentricity, the contralateral eye predominated, occupying 63% of the cortex. In one subject, monocular visual loss began at age 4 months, causing shrinkage of ocular dominance columns. In V2, which had a larger surface area than V1, CO stripes were present but could not be classified as thick or thin.
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Orientation and on-off dominance columns are relatively large (> 2 mm for a full ocular dominance/pinwheel map).
“Our predictions reflect the fact that orientation and on–off dominance columns are relatively large (> 2 mm for a full ocular dominance/pinwheel map41,42).”
From A virtual patient simulation modeling the neural and perceptual effects of human visual cortical stimulation, from pulse trains to percepts (2024) · cites this paper as [42]
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- Authors
- Adams, D. L., Sincich, L. C., & Horton, J. C.
- Affiliations
- University of California, San Francisco (US)
- Corresponding author
- Horton, Jonathan C.
- Venue
- The Journal of Neuroscience
- Publisher
- Society for Neuroscience
- Published
- 2007-09-26
- Volume
- 27
- Issue
- 39
- Pages
- 10391-10403
- ISSN
- 0270-6474 (ISSN-L)
- 1529-2401
- PMC
- PMC6673158
- OpenAlex
- W2041587140
- Cited by
- 212
- References
- 76
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 13 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 17 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 13
- FWCI
- 5.38
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Neuroscience (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
- Iris (University of Trento) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Eye Institute (EY02162, P30EY002162, R01EY010217)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Visual perception and processing mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Face Recognition and Perception
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Tactile and Sensory Interactions
- Keywords
- ocular dominance columns, primary visual cortex, secondary visual cortex, cytochrome c oxidase, monocular visual loss, visual field representation, blind spots, column width, squirrel monkey
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Animals, Blindness, Cadaver, Electron Transport Complex IV, Humans, Macaca, Male, Visual Cortex, Visual Fields, Vision, Binocular, Vision, Monocular, Eye Enucleation, Dominance, Ocular
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