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Complete Pattern of Ocular Dominance Columns in Human Primary Visual Cortex
Open accessAbstract
The occipital lobes were obtained after death from six adult subjects with monocular visual loss. Flat-mounts were processed for cytochrome oxidase (CO) to reveal metabolic activity in the primary (V1) and secondary (V2) visual cortices. Mean V1 surface area was 2643 mm 2 (range, 1986–3477 mm 2 ). Ocular dominance columns were present in all cases, having a mean width of 863 μm. There were 78–126 column pairs along the V1 perimeter. Human column patterns were highly variable, but in at least one person they resembled a scaled-up version of macaque columns. CO patches in the upper layers were centered on ocular dominance columns in layer 4C, with one exception. In this individual, the columns in a local area resembled those present in the squirrel monkey, and no evidence was found for column/patch alignment. In every subject, the blind spot of the contralateral eye was conspicuous as an oval region without ocular dominance columns. It provided a precise landmark for delineating the central 15° of the visual field. A mean of 53.1% of striate cortex was devoted to the representation of the central 15°. This fraction was less than the proportion of striate cortex allocated to the representation of the central 15° in the macaque. Within the central 15°, each eye occupied an equal territory. Beyond this eccentricity, the contralateral eye predominated, occupying 63% of the cortex. In one subject, monocular visual loss began at age 4 months, causing shrinkage of ocular dominance columns. In V2, which had a larger surface area than V1, CO stripes were present but could not be classified as thick or thin.
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“Our predictions reflect the fact that orientation and on–off dominance columns are relatively large (> 2 mm for a full ocular dominance/pinwheel map41,42).”
From A virtual patient simulation modeling the neural and perceptual effects of human visual cortical stimulation, from pulse trains to percepts (2024) · cites this paper as [42]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Adams, D. L., Sincich, L. C., & Horton, J. C.
- Affiliations
- University of California, San Francisco (US)
- Corresponding author
- Horton, Jonathan C.
- Venue
- The Journal of Neuroscience
- Publisher
- Society for Neuroscience
- Published
- 2007-09-26
- Volume
- 27
- Issue
- 39
- Pages
- 10391-10403
- ISSN
- 0270-6474 (ISSN-L)
- 1529-2401
- PMC
- PMC6673158
- OpenAlex
- W2041587140
- Cited by
- 212
- References
- 76
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 13 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 17 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 13
- FWCI
- 5.38
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Neuroscience (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
- Iris (University of Trento) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Eye Institute (EY02162, P30EY002162, R01EY010217)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Visual perception and processing mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Face Recognition and Perception
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Tactile and Sensory Interactions
- Keywords
- ocular dominance columns, primary visual cortex, secondary visual cortex, cytochrome c oxidase, monocular visual loss, visual field representation, blind spots, column width, squirrel monkey
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Animals, Blindness, Cadaver, Electron Transport Complex IV, Humans, Macaca, Male, Visual Cortex, Visual Fields, Vision, Binocular, Vision, Monocular, Eye Enucleation, Dominance, Ocular
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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