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Berenike and the Ancient Maritime Spice Route

Sidebotham, Steven E.·2011
DOI 10.1525/9780520948389
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Abstract

The legendary overland silk road was not the only way to reach Asia for ancient travelers from the Mediterranean. During the Roman Empire's heyday, equally important maritime routes reached from the Egyptian Red Sea across the Indian Ocean. The ancient city of Berenike, located approximately 500 miles south of today's Suez Canal, was a significant port among these conduits. This book, written by the archaeologist who excavated Berenike, uncovers the role the city played in the regional, local, and “global” economies during the eight centuries of its existence. The book analyzes many of the artifacts, botanical and faunal remains, and hundreds of the texts the author and his team found in excavations, providing a profoundly intimate glimpse of the people who lived, worked, and died in this emporium between the classical Mediterranean world and Asia.

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  • Berenike has yielded evidence of 12 written languages, including South Arabian, Palmyrene Aramaic, and Tamil-Brahmi.

    “Berenike has so far yielded evidence of 12 written languages, including South Arabian, Palmyrene Aramaic, and Tamil-Brahmi (Sidebotham 2004;2011, pp. 74-75;Sidebotham and Zych 2010, p. 12).”

    From Archaeology of Trade in the Western Indian Ocean, 300 BC–AD 700 (2014) · cites this paper as Sidebotham 2011, pp. 74-75

  • Berenike experienced peaks of operation in its early days, in the first century AD, and again in the fourth and fifth centuries, with limited evidence of activity before or after, and was abandoned by the mid-sixth century.

    “The port experienced peaks of operation in its early days, in the first century AD and again in the fourth and fifth centuries, with limited evidence of activity before or after.The site was abandoned by the mid-sixth century (Sidebotham 2011;Sidebotham et al. 2008, pp. 171-175).”

    From Archaeology of Trade in the Western Indian Ocean, 300 BC–AD 700 (2014) · cites this paper as Sidebotham 2011

  • Although there are indications that Indian communities settled permanently or at least for a longer time in harbour sites like Myos Hormos and Berenike and along the South-Arabian coast, there are no archaeological traces of any Buddhist institutions, be it a stūpa, a monastery or another cultic edifice or even object.

    “Although there are indications that Indian communities settled permanently or at least for a longer time in harbour sites like Myos Hormos and Berenike and along the South-Arabian coast, 21 there are no archaeological traces of any Buddhist institutions, be it a stūpa, a monastery or another cultic edifice or even object.”

    From 2. Buddhism in the West? Buddhist Indian Sailors on Socotra (Yemen) and the Role of Trade Contacts in the Spread of Buddhism (2019) · cites this paper as Sidebotham 2011, 69

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Authors
Sidebotham, S. E.
Publisher
University of California Press
Published
2011-02-02
DOI
10.1525/9780520948389
Cited by
11
References
0

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