Mycobacterium tuberculosis protein kinase G acts as an unusual ubiquitinating enzyme to impair host immunity
Open accessAbstract
Upon Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection, protein kinase G (PknG), a eukaryotic-type serine-threonine protein kinase (STPK), is secreted into host macrophages to promote intracellular survival of the pathogen. However, the mechanisms underlying this PknG-host interaction remain unclear. Here, we demonstrate that PknG serves both as a ubiquitin-activating enzyme (E1) and a ubiquitin ligase (E3) to trigger the ubiquitination and degradation of tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 2 (TRAF2) and TGF-β-activated kinase 1 (TAK1), thereby inhibiting the activation of NF-κB signaling and host innate responses. PknG promotes the attachment of ubiquitin (Ub) to the ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme (E2) UbcH7 via an isopeptide bond (UbcH7 K82-Ub), rather than the usual C86-Ub thiol-ester bond. PknG induces the discharge of Ub from UbcH7 by acting as an isopeptidase, before attaching Ub to its substrates. These results demonstrate that PknG acts as an unusual ubiquitinating enzyme to remove key components of the innate immunity system, thus providing a potential target for tuberculosis treatment.
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PknG, in conjunction with the SapM phosphatase, blocks host phagosome maturation and modulates the host immune response, establishing PknG and SapM as bona fide virulence factors.
“This was subsequently validated in M. tuberculosis where PknG, in conjunction with the SapM phosphatase (86), blocks host phagosome maturation and modulates the host immune response (88, 96–98), establishing PknG and SapM as bona fide virulence factors.”
From Mycobacterium smegmatis: The Vanguard of Mycobacterial Research (2023) · cites this paper as [96]
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- Authors
- Wang, J., Ge, P., Lei, Z., Lu, Z., Qiang, L., Chai, Q., Zhang, Y., Zhao, D., Li, B., Su, J., Peng, R., Pang, Y., Shi, Y., Zhang, Y., Gao, G. F., Qiu, X.-B., & Liu, C. H.
- Affiliations
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CN)
- Capital Medical University (CN)
- Beijing Normal University (CN)
- Corresponding author
- Gao, George Fu
- Qiu, Xiao-Bo
- Liu, Cui Hua
- ORCID
- Venue
- The EMBO Reports
- Published
- 2021-05-02
- Volume
- 22
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- e52175-e52175
- ISSN
- 1469-221X (ISSN-L)
- 1469-3178
- PMC
- PMC8183399
- OpenAlex
- W3158594254
- Cited by
- 47
- References
- 47
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 15 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 5
- FWCI
- 2.14
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- EMBO Reports (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Natural Science Foundation of China (31830003, 81825014, 82022041, 81871616)
- Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (XDB29020000)
- National Key Research and Development Program of China (2019YFA0802100, 2017YFA0505900, 2017YFD0500300)
- National Science and Technology Major Project (2018ZX10101004)
- Youth Innovation Promotion Association CAS (Y82R011CX3)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Ubiquitin and proteasome pathways
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immune Response and Inflammation
- Keywords
- Mycobacterium tuberculosis, PknG, protein kinase G, ubiquitin ligase, ubiquitin-activating enzyme, isopeptide bonds, UbcH7, TRAF2, TAK1, NF-κB signaling, innate immunity, host-pathogen interaction, polyubiquitination, protein degradation, tuberculosis
- MeSH terms
- Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases, Cyclic GMP-Dependent Protein Kinases, Ubiquitin, Ubiquitin-Conjugating Enzymes, Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases, Ubiquitination
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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