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Cited by 190Adrenal Hormones and DisordersPituitary Gland Disorders and TreatmentsStress Responses and Cortisol

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 23 of the 23 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Association of subclinical hypercortisolism with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a case-control study in hospitalized patients

Chiodini, Iacopo, Torlontano, Massimo, Scillitani, Alfredo, Arosio, Maura, Bacci, Simonetta, Di Lembo, Sergio, Epaminonda, Paolo, Augello, Giovanni, Enrini, Riccardo, Ambrosi, Bruno, Adda, Guido, Trischitta, Vincenzo·2005·European Journal of Endocrinology
DOI 10.1530/eje.1.02045
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Abstract

OBJECTIVE: Subclinical hypercortisolism (SH) may play a role in several metabolic disorders, including diabetes. No data are available on the relative prevalence of SH in type 2 diabetes (T2D). In order to compare the prevalence of SH in T2D and matched non-diabetic control individuals, we performed a case-controlled, multicenter, 12-month study, enrolling 294 consecutive T2D inpatients (1.7% dropped out the study) with no evidence of clinical hypercortisolism and 189 consecutive age- and body mass index-matched non-diabetic inpatients (none of whom dropped out). DESIGN AND METHODS: Ascertained SH (ASH) was diagnosed in individuals (i) with plasma cortisol after 1 mg overnight dexamethasone suppression >1.8 microg/dl (50 nmol/l), (ii) with more than one of the following: (a) urinary free cortisol >60.0 microg/24 h (165.6 nmol/24 h), (b) plasma ACTH <10.0 pg/ml (2.2 pmol/l) or (c) plasma cortisol >7.5 microg/dl (207 nmol/l) at 24:00 h or >1.4 microg/dl (38.6 nmol/l) after dexamethasone-CRH (serum cortisol after corticotrophin-releasing hormone stimulus during dexamethasone administration) test, and (iii) in whom the source of glucocorticoid excess was suggested by imaging and by additional biochemical tests (for ACTH-dependent ASH). RESULTS: Prevalence of ASH was higher in diabetic individuals than in controls (9.4 versus 2.1%; adjusted odds ratio, 4.8; 95% confidence interval, 1.6-14.1; P = 0.004). In our population the proportion of T2D which is statistically attributable to ASH was approx. 7%. Among diabetic patients, the presence of severe diabetes (as defined by the coexistence of hypertension, dyslipidaemia and insulin treatment) was significantly associated with SH (adjusted odds ratio, 3.8; 95% confidence interval, 1.4-10.2; P = 0.017). CONCLUSIONS: In hospitalized patients, SH is associated with T2D.

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Metadata

Authors
Chiodini, I., Torlontano, M., Scillitani, A., Arosio, M., Bacci, S., Di Lembo, S., Epaminonda, P., Augello, G., Enrini, R., Ambrosi, B., Adda, G., & Trischitta, V.
Affiliations
  • Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza (IT)
  • University of Milan (IT)
Corresponding author
Chiodini, Iacopo
ORCID
Venue
European Journal of Endocrinology
Publisher
Oxford University Press (OUP)
Published
2005-12
Volume
153
Issue
6
Pages
837-844
ISSN
  • 0804-4643 (ISSN-L)
  • 1479-683X
DOI
10.1530/eje.1.02045
OpenAlex
W2171330156
Cited by
190
References
23
Citations by year
2026: 6 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 13 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 15
FWCI
5.18
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • European Journal of Endocrinology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • IRIS Research product catalog (Sapienza University of Rome) (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Adrenal Hormones and Disorders
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Pituitary Gland Disorders and Treatments
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
Keywords
subclinical hypercortisolism, type 2 diabetes, prevalence, ACTH-dependent Cushing's syndrome, ACTH-independent Cushing's syndrome, dexamethasone suppression test, urinary free cortisol, hospitalized patients, severe diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, insulin therapy, glucocorticoid excess, attributable fraction, metabolic disorders, ACTH, cortisol, Cushing's disease
MeSH terms
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone, Cushing Syndrome, Dexamethasone, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Female, Humans, Hydrocortisone, Male, Middle Aged, Body Mass Index, Case-Control Studies

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