Cited by 206Neurobiology and Insect Physiology ResearchNeuropeptides and Animal PhysiologyRegulation of Appetite and Obesity

Energy Homeostasis Control in Drosophila Adipokinetic Hormone Mutants

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Gáliková, Martina, Diesner, Max, Klepsatel, Peter, Hehlert, Philip, Xu, Yanjun, Bickmeyer, Iris, Predel, Reinhard, Kühnlein, Ronald P·2015·Genetics

Abstract

Maintenance of biological functions under negative energy balance depends on mobilization of storage lipids and carbohydrates in animals. In mammals, glucagon and glucocorticoid signaling mobilizes energy reserves, whereas adipokinetic hormones (AKHs) play a homologous role in insects. Numerous studies based on AKH injections and correlative studies in a broad range of insect species established the view that AKH acts as master regulator of energy mobilization during development, reproduction, and stress. In contrast to AKH, the second peptide, which is processed from the Akh encoded prohormone [termed "adipokinetic hormone precursor-related peptide" (APRP)] is functionally orphan. APRP is discussed as ecdysiotropic hormone or as scaffold peptide during AKH prohormone processing. However, as in the case of AKH, final evidence for APRP functions requires genetic mutant analysis. Here we employed CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome engineering to create AKH and AKH plus APRP-specific mutants in the model insect Drosophila melanogaster. Lack of APRP did not affect any of the tested steroid-dependent processes. Similarly, Drosophila AKH signaling is dispensable for ontogenesis, locomotion, oogenesis, and homeostasis of lipid or carbohydrate storage until up to the end of metamorphosis. During adulthood, however, AKH regulates body fat content and the hemolymph sugar level as well as nutritional and oxidative stress responses. Finally, we provide evidence for a negative autoregulatory loop in Akh gene regulation.

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  1. Benzer S., 1973. Genetic dissection of behaviour. Sci. Am. 229: 24–37. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

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Authors
Gáliková, M., Diesner, M., Klepsatel, P., Hehlert, P., Xu, Y., Bickmeyer, I., Predel, R., & Kühnlein, R. P.
Affiliations
  • Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry (DE)
  • University of Cologne (DE)
Corresponding author
Kühnlein, Ronald P
Venue
Genetics
Published
2015-08-14
Volume
201
Issue
2
Pages
665-683
ISSN
  • 0016-6731 (ISSN-L)
  • 1943-2631
OpenAlex
W1832920476
Cited by
206
References
98
Citations by year
2026: 24 · 2025: 18 · 2024: 20 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 19 · 2021: 22 · 2020: 27 · 2019: 20 · 2018: 21 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 1
FWCI
6.81
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Genetics (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Kölner Universitäts PublikationsServer (Universität zu Köln) (publishedVersion)
  • MPG.PuRe (Max Planck Society) (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurobiology and Insect Physiology Research
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuropeptides and Animal Physiology
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
Keywords
adipokinetic hormone, energy homeostasis, Drosophila melanogaster, negative energy balance, lipid mobilization, carbohydrate mobilization, body fat content, nutritional stress response, oxidative stress response, metamorphosis, autoregulatory loop, CRISPR/Cas9 mutants
MeSH terms
Animals, Drosophila melanogaster, Energy Metabolism, Hemolymph, Homeostasis, Insect Hormones, Mutation, Oligopeptides, Oogenesis, Pyrrolidonecarboxylic Acid, Signal Transduction, Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental, Lipid Metabolism, CRISPR-Cas Systems

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