Neighborhood Influences on Girls’ Obesity Risk Across the Transition to Adolescence
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The neighborhoods in which children live, play, and eat provide an environmental context that may influence obesity risk and ameliorate or exacerbate health disparities. The current study examines whether neighborhood characteristics predict obesity in a prospective cohort of girls. METHODS: Participants were 174 girls (aged 8–10 years at baseline), a subset from the Cohort Study of Young Girls’ Nutrition, Environment, and Transitions. Trained observers completed street audits within a 0.25-mile radius around each girl’s residence. Four scales (food and service retail, recreation, walkability, and physical disorder) were created from 40 observed neighborhood features. BMI was calculated from clinically measured height and weight. Obesity was defined as BMI-for-age ≥95%. Logistic regression models using generalized estimating equations were used to examine neighborhood influences on obesity risk over 4 years of follow-up, controlling for race/ethnicity, pubertal status, and baseline BMI. Fully adjusted models also controlled for household income, parent education, and a census tract measure of neighborhood socioeconomic status. RESULTS: A 1-SD increase on the food and service retail scale was associated with a 2.27 (95% confidence interval, 1.42 to 3.61; P < .001) increased odds of being obese. A 1-SD increase in physical disorder was associated with a 2.41 (95% confidence interval, 1.31 to 4.44; P = .005) increased odds of being obese. Other neighborhood scales were not associated with risk for obesity. CONCLUSIONS: Neighborhood food and retail environment and physical disorder around a girl’s home predict risk for obesity across the transition from late childhood to adolescence.
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The food environment plays an influential role in shaping the diets of children and may contribute to the development of obesity and other adverse health outcomes.
“The food environment plays an influential role in shaping the diets of children and may contribute to the development of obesity and other adverse health outcomes [1, 2].”
From Comparison of the nutrient content of children’s menu items at US restaurant chains, 2010–2014 (2015) · cites this paper as [1]
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O'Brien, D. T., Farrell, C., & Welsh, B. C. (2019) · Social Science & Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2018.11.015 · Cited by 176 · see citing works
Comparison of the nutrient content of children’s menu items at US restaurant chains, 2010–2014
Deierlein, A. L., Peat, K., & Claudio, L. (2015) · Nutrition Journal · doi:10.1186/s12937-015-0066-4 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
- Authors
- Hoyt, L. T., Kushi, L. H., Leung, C. W., Nickleach, D. C., Adler, N., Laraia, B. A., Hiatt, R. A., & Yen, I. H.
- Affiliations
- University of California, San Francisco (US)
- Kaiser Permanente (US)
- Emory University (US)
- University of California, Berkeley (US)
- ORCID
- Venue
- Pediatrics
- Publisher
- American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)
- Published
- 2014-11-01
- Volume
- 134
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 942-949
- ISSN
- 0031-4005 (ISSN-L)
- 1098-4275
- PMC
- PMC4533282
- OpenAlex
- W2098693550
- Cited by
- 26
- References
- 52
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2023: 2 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 2 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 1
- FWCI
- 2.32
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- PEDIATRICS (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (U01ES019457, U01ES019435, U01ES012801)
- National Center for Research Resources (UL1RR024131)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
- Social Sciences › Transportation › Urban Transport and Accessibility
- Social Sciences › Health › Health disparities and outcomes
- Keywords
- childhood obesity, neighborhood environment, girls, transition to adolescence, retail food environment, physical disorders, walkability, recreation, body mass index, health disparities, neighborhood socioeconomic status
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Age Factors, Child, Female, Humans, Obesity, Prospective Studies, Residence Characteristics, Risk Factors, Social Environment, Cohort Studies
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