County-Level Social Vulnerability and Emergency Department Visits for Firearm Injuries — 10 U.S. Jurisdictions, January 1, 2018–December 31, 2021
Open accessAbstract
At least 100,000 persons in the United States experience a fatal or nonfatal firearm injury each year.*CDC examined rates of firearm injury emergency department (ED) visits by community social vulnerability using data from CDC's Firearm Injury Surveillance Through Emergency Rooms (FASTER) program.† ED visit data, shared with CDC's National Syndromic Surveillance Program (NSSP) § during 2018-2021, were analyzed for 647 counties in 10 FASTER-funded jurisdictions.¶ County-level social vulnerability data were obtained from the 2018 Social Vulnerability Index (SVI).**Rates of ED visits for firearm injuries (number of firearm injury ED visits per 100,000 ED visits) were calculated across tertile levels of social vulnerability.Negative binomial regression models were used to estimate rate ratios (RRs) and associated 95% CIs comparing rates of ED visits across social vulnerability levels.During 2018-2021, compared with rates in counties with low overall social vulnerability, the firearm injury ED visit rate was 1.34 times as high in counties with medium social vulnerability and 1.80 times as high in counties with high social vulnerability.Similar patterns were observed for the SVI themes of socioeconomic status and housing type and transportation, but not for the themes of household composition and disability status or racial and ethnic minority status and language proficiency.More timely data †
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Racial disparities are evident in the study cohort.
“Racial disparities are evident in our cohort, as observed in other local and national studies.”
From Incidence of and Factors Associated With Recurrent Firearm Injury Among Patients Presenting to St. Louis Trauma Centers, 2010 to 2019 (2023) · cites this paper as [46]
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- Authors
- Van Dyke, M. E., Chen, M. S., Sheppard, M., Sharpe, J. D., Radhakrishnan, L., Dahlberg, L. L., Simon, T. R., & Zwald, M. L.
- Affiliations
- Center for Surveillance, Epidemiology, and Laboratory Services (US)
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (US)
- Venue
- MMWR. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report
- Published
- 2022-07-08
- Volume
- 71
- Issue
- 27
- Pages
- 873-877
- ISSN
- 0149-2195 (ISSN-L)
- 1545-861X
- PMC
- PMC9290382
- OpenAlex
- W4284697771
- Cited by
- 43
- References
- 10
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 15 · 2022: 2
- FWCI
- 7.49
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- diamond
- doi.org
- Locations
- MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, public-domain)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Health › Gun Ownership and Violence Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Injury Epidemiology and Prevention
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Suicide and Self-Harm Studies
- Keywords
- firearm injuries, social vulnerability, emergency department visits, Social Vulnerability Index, county-level disparities, socioeconomic status, housing conditions, transportation, syndromic surveillance
- MeSH terms
- Social Vulnerability, Emergency Service, Hospital, Ethnicity, Firearms, Humans, Minority Groups, United States, Wounds, Gunshot
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