From Color Line to Color Chart: Racism and Colorism in the New Century
Open accessThe claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Colourism is interracial and intraracial racism based on skin tone.
“Colourism, interracial and intraracial racism based on skin tone, goes back to slavery when White slave owners regularly raped their Black slave women (Harris, 2008; Russell et al., 1992).”
From Critical Race Theory (CRT) and colourism: a manifestation of whitewashing in marketing communications? (2020) · cites this paper as Harris, 2008
The Introduction describes colorism as discrimination linked to lighter versus darker skin and says it reveals hierarchies within racialized groups; it also defines colorism regardless of perceived racial identity. But it calls colorism and traditional racism intertwined yet distinct, and says skin tone is not the sole basis of color identification. The claim therefore captures part of the concept but narrows it to skin tone and equates it with racism. (LLM, conf=0.86)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredColourism goes back to slavery when White slave owners regularly raped their Black slave women.
“Colourism, interracial and intraracial racism based on skin tone, goes back to slavery when White slave owners regularly raped their Black slave women (Harris, 2008; Russell et al., 1992).”
From Critical Race Theory (CRT) and colourism: a manifestation of whitewashing in marketing communications? (2020) · cites this paper as Harris, 2008
The Introduction says U.S. slavery relied heavily on white sexual violence against Black people and links rape and forced procreation to practices important in the evolution of American colorism. But it also says colorism is global and that preferences for light skin existed in regions with little or no African slavery, so the source does not support slavery as colorism’s general origin. (LLM, conf=0.88)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredBlack people began treating light skin tone as a form of social capital and discriminating against dark skin tone women within their own race.
“In this case, Black people began treating light skin tone as a form of social capital (Harris, 2008; Keith, 2009; Russell et al., 1992), and discriminating against dark skin tone women within their own race (Begedou, 2015; Hall, 2005; Russell et al., 1992).”
From Critical Race Theory (CRT) and colourism: a manifestation of whitewashing in marketing communications? (2020) · cites this paper as Harris, 2008
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Mitchell, T. A. (2020) · Journal of Marketing Management · doi:10.1080/0267257x.2020.1794934 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
India's Color Complex: One Day's Worth of Matrimonials
Utley, T. J., & Darity, W. (2016) · The Review of Black Political Economy · doi:10.1007/s12114-016-9233-x · Cited by 25 · see citing works
- Authors
- Harris, A. P.
- Corresponding author
- Harris, Angela P.
- ORCID
- Harris, Angela P.
- Venue
- Berkeley Journal of African-American Law & Policy
- Publisher
- Berkeley Journal of African-American Law & Policy
- Published
- 2008
- Volume
- 10
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 52
- OpenAlex
- W68739160
- Cited by
- 33
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2025: 4 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 4 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 2 · 2012: 2
- FWCI
- 3.27
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- Locations
- bepress Legal Repository (submittedVersion)
- The Berkeley Journal of African-American Law & Policy
- UC Berkeley
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Race, History, and American Society
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Racial and Ethnic Identity Research
- Social Sciences › Law › Discrimination and Equality Law
- Keywords
- colorism, racism, color line, color charts, racial discrimination, skin tone, race and law
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
