CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 32Pharmacy and Medical PracticesHealth Promotion and Cardiovascular PreventionPharmaceutical Practices and Patient Outcomes

The Collaborative Cardiovascular Risk Reduction in Primary Care (CCARP) Study

Evans, Charity D., Eurich, Dean T., Taylor, Jeff G., Blackburn, David F.·2010·Pharmacotherapy: The Journal of Human Pharmacology and Drug Therapy
DOI 10.1592/phco.30.8.766
Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

Study Objective. To evaluate whether a simple pharmacist protocol, consisting of patient screening and cardiovascular risk stratification, identification and reminders about uncontrolled risk factors, and drug adherence support, can significantly reduce cardiovascular risk. Design. Prospective, randomized, controlled pilot study. Setting. Large primary care medical clinic in Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada. Patients. One hundred seventy‐six adult patients (mean age 60 yrs) who exhibited a 10–year Framingham risk score of 15% or greater, or a coronary artery disease risk equivalent (coronary artery disease, peripheral artery disease, cerebrovascular disease, or diabetes mellitus). Intervention. Eligible patients initially met with the pharmacist to receive general counselling about cardiovascular disease and were then randomly assigned to receive ongoing follow‐up by the pharmacist (follow‐up group [88 patients]) or to return to usual care (single‐contact group [88 patients]) for a minimum of 6 months. Measurements and Main Results. The primary end point was mean reduction in the 10–year Framingham risk score. Secondary end points included individual modifiable risk factors (systolic and diastolic blood pressures; total cholesterol, low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol, high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol [HDL], and triglyceride levels; total cholesterol: HDL ratio; and hemoglobin A 1c value), as well as statin utilization, initiation, and adherence rates. Baseline characteristics were similar across both groups. Neither the mean reduction in 10–year risk (−2.68 for the follow‐up group and −1.25 for the single‐contact group, one‐tailed p=0.098) nor individual risk factors were significantly different between groups. The proportion of patients exhibiting statin adherence of 80% or greater did not significantly differ between groups at study end (73.1% [57/78] and 80.0% [52/65], respectively, p=0.333). However, 85.2% (75/88) in the follow‐up group continued with statin therapy at the end of the study compared with 67.0% (59/88) in the single‐contact group (p=0.005). Statin initiations were more frequent in the follow‐up group than in the single‐contact group (75.0% [30/40) vs 48.9% [22/45], p=0.013). Conclusion. This simple cardiovascular care protocol for nonspecialist pharmacists did not result in a clear improvement to cardiovascular risk reduction success among patients in a primary care medical clinic. The intervention did, however, appear to improve statin utilization.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1592/phco.30.8.766

Cites

20 of 20 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Related

Authors
Evans, C. D., Eurich, D. T., Taylor, J. G., & Blackburn, D. F.
Affiliations
  • University of Saskatchewan (CA)
  • University of Alberta (CA)
Corresponding author
Blackburn, David F.
ORCID
Venue
Pharmacotherapy: The Journal of Human Pharmacology and Drug Therapy
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2010-08
Volume
30
Issue
8
Pages
766-775
ISSN
  • 0277-0008 (ISSN-L)
  • 1875-9114
DOI
10.1592/phco.30.8.766
OpenAlex
W2156504472
Cited by
32
References
20
Citations by year
2026: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 3 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 4
FWCI
1.94
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor, 523 d)
Locations
  • Pharmacotherapy The Journal of Human Pharmacology and Drug Therapy (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
Canadian Institutes of Health Research
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics › Pharmacology › Pharmacy and Medical Practices
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Health Promotion and Cardiovascular Prevention
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Geriatrics and Gerontology › Pharmaceutical Practices and Patient Outcomes
Keywords
pharmacist intervention, primary care, cardiovascular risk stratification, Framingham risk score, statin adherence, statin initiation, cardiovascular risk factors, blood pressure, serum lipids, HbA1c, diabetes mellitus, coronary artery disease, follow-up care, patient screening, Canada, pilot study
MeSH terms
Aged, Cardiovascular Diseases, Cooperative Behavior, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Pharmacists, Pilot Projects, Primary Health Care, Prospective Studies, Risk Reduction Behavior, Medication Adherence

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review