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Diabetes and cancer
Open accessAbstract
Diabetes and cancer are two heterogeneous, multifactorial, severe, and chronic diseases. Because of their frequency, reciprocal influences - even minor influences - may have a major impact. Epidemiological studies clearly indicate that the risk of several types of cancer (including pancreas, liver, breast, colorectal, urinary tract, and female reproductive organs) is increased in diabetic patients. Mortality is also moderately increased. Several confounding factors, having general or site-specific relevance, make it difficult to accurately assess cancer risk in diabetic patients. These factors include diabetes duration, varying levels of metabolic control, different drugs used for therapy, and the possible presence of chronic complications. Hyperinsulinemia most likely favors cancer in diabetic patients as insulin is a growth factor with pre-eminent metabolic but also mitogenic effects, and its action in malignant cells is favored by mechanisms acting at both the receptor and post-receptor level. Obesity, hyperglycemia, and increased oxidative stress may also contribute to increased cancer risk in diabetes. While anti-diabetic drugs have a minor influence on cancer risk (except perhaps the biguanide metformin that apparently reduces the risk), drugs used to treat cancer may either cause diabetes or worsen a pre-existing diabetes. In addition to the well-known diabetogenic effect of glucocorticoids and anti-androgens, an increasing number of targeted anti-cancer molecules may interfere with glucose metabolism acting at different levels on the signaling substrates shared by IGF-I and insulin receptors. In conclusion, diabetes and cancer have a complex relationship that requires more clinical attention and better-designed studies.
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In the citing paper
“Diabetes is associated with reduced risk of prostate cancer.”
From Diabetes and Cancer (2010) · cites this paper as [6]
In the citing paper
“Diabetes (primarily type 2) is associated with increased risk for some cancers (liver, pancreas, endometrium, colon and rectum, breast, bladder).”
From Diabetes and Cancer (2010) · cites this paper as [6]
In the citing paper
“Epidemiologic evidence suggests that people with diabetes are at significantly higher risk for many forms of cancer.”
From Diabetes and Cancer (2010) · cites this paper as [6]
In the citing paper
“For some other cancer sites there appears to be no association or the evidence is inconclusive.”
From Diabetes and Cancer (2010) · cites this paper as [6]
In the citing paper
“Other cancers (e.g., lung) do not appear to be associated with an increased risk in diabetes, and the evidence for others (e.g., kidney, non-Hodgkin lymphoma) is inconclusive.”
From Diabetes and Cancer (2010) · cites this paper as [6]
In the citing paper
“The relative risks imparted by diabetes are greatest (about twofold or higher) for cancers of the liver, pancreas, and endometrium, and lesser (about 1.2–1.5 fold) for cancers of the colon and rectum, breast, and bladder.”
From Diabetes and Cancer (2010) · cites this paper as [6]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Vigneri, P., Frasca, F., Sciacca, L., Pandini, G., & Vigneri, R.
- Affiliations
- Section of General Pathology 1
- University of Catania (IT)
- Corresponding author
- Vigneri, Paolo
- Venue
- Endocrine Related Cancer
- Publisher
- Bioscientifica
- Published
- 2009-12-01
- Volume
- 16
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 1103-1123
- ISSN
- 1351-0088 (ISSN-L)
- 1479-6821
- OpenAlex
- W2163691729
- Cited by
- 1,009
- References
- 183
- Citations by year
- 2026: 20 · 2025: 43 · 2024: 54 · 2023: 49 · 2022: 49 · 2021: 46 · 2020: 50 · 2019: 57 · 2018: 60 · 2017: 75 · 2016: 59 · 2015: 68 · 2014: 85 · 2013: 97 · 2012: 80
- FWCI
- 5.00
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Endocrine Related Cancer (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Associazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Metabolism, Diabetes, and Cancer
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cancer Risks and Factors
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Growth Hormone and Insulin-like Growth Factors
- Keywords
- diabetes mellitus, cancer risk, hyperinsulinemia, insulin-like growth factor I, insulin receptor, metformin, antidiabetic drugs, glucocorticoids, androgen receptor antagonists, obesity, hyperglycemia, oxidative stress, pancreatic cancer, liver cancer, breast cancer, colorectal cancer, cancer mortality, confounding factors
- MeSH terms
- Humans, Neoplasms, Risk Factors, Survival Rate, Diabetes Complications
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