The DOI matches its Crossref record; 45 of the 55 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
What Do I Do in a World of Artificial Intelligence? Investigating the Impact of Substitutive Decision-Making AI Systems on Employees' Professional Role Identity
Open accessAbstract
Artificial intelligence (AI) systems in the workplace increasingly substitute for employees’ tasks, responsibilities, and decision-making. Consequently, employees must relinquish core activities of their work processes without the ability to interact with the AI system (e.g., to influence decision-making processes or adapt or overrule decision-making outcomes). To deepen our understanding of how substitutive decision-making AI systems affect employees’ professional role identity and how employees adapt their identity in response to the system, we conducted an in-depth case study of a company in the area of loan consulting. We qualitatively analyzed more than 60 interviews with employees and managers. Our research contributes to the literature on IS and identity by disclosing mechanisms through which employees strengthen and protect their professional role identity despite being unable to directly interact with the AI system. Further, we highlight the boundary conditions for introducing an AI system and contribute to the body of empirical research on the potential downsides of AI.
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“Also, illdesigned jobs can lead to counterproductive work behavior, i.e., behavior at work that is inconsistent with or even intentionally disrespecting job duties (e.g., not even trying to maintain sufficient epistemic access, or intentionally overwriting outputs to feel 'needed' [80]).”
From On the Quest for Effectiveness in Human Oversight: Interdisciplinary Perspectives (2024) · cites this paper as [80]
Citations
Cites
Provincial China: 引言 (Introduction)
Lu, Y.-X. (2009) · Provincial China · doi:10.5130/pc.v1i1.976 · Cited by 97,980 · cited 1×
“Studies focusing on the collective level examine how professionals develop their role identity in relationship to others and to their work (Pouthier et al., 2013; Powell & DiMaggio, 1991).”
BackgroundBuilding theories from case study research
Eisenhardt, K. M. (2009) · STUDI ORGANIZZATIVI · doi:10.4135/9781412986274.n1 · Cited by 44,005 · cited 1×
“Using an in-depth case study allows us to shed light on novel phenomena (Eisenhardt, 1989), enabling observation and an understanding of underlying mechanisms and relationships at the individual level (Eisenhardt, 1989; Gioia et al., 2013).”
BackgroundSeeking Qualitative Rigor in Inductive Research: Notes on the Gioia Methodology
Gioia, D. A., Corley, K. G., & Hamilton, A. L. (2013) · Organizational Research Methods · doi:10.1177/1094428112452151 · Cited by 13,227 · cited 2×
“Using an in-depth case study allows us to shed light on novel phenomena (Eisenhardt, 1989), enabling observation and an understanding of underlying mechanisms and relationships at the individual level (Eisenhardt, 1989; Gioia et al., 2013).”
BackgroundMethodThe New Institutionalism in Organizational Analysis
Powell, W., & DiMaggio, P. (1993) · Administrative Science Quarterly · doi:10.2307/2393344 · Cited by 11,926 · cited 1×
“Studies focusing on the collective level examine how professionals develop their role identity in relationship to others and to their work (Pouthier et al., 2013; Powell & DiMaggio, 1991).”
Background: The System of Professions: An Essay on the Division of Expert Labor
Wiegand, W. (1990) · doi:10.1086/602269 · Cited by 3,434 · cited 1×
“Thus, professionals not only define themselves in association with their own work but also in relation to the work of others (Abbott, 1988; Becker et al., 1961; Freidson, 2001; Reay et al., 2017).”
ResultHow the machine “thinks”: Understanding opacity in machine learning algorithms
Burrell, J. (2016) · Big Data & Society · doi:10.1177/2053951715622512 · Cited by 3,196 · cited 1×
“Such AI systems are able to evaluate new information and use their learning abilities to adapt their decisions and adjust their behavior (Agrawal et al., 2017; Anderson et al., 2018; Brynjolfsson & McAfee, 2017; Burrell, 2016; Manyika et al., 2017; Raisch & Krakowski, in press).”
BackgroundArtificial Intelligence and Management: The Automation–Augmentation Paradox
Raisch, S., & Krakowski, S. (2021) · Academy of Management Review · doi:10.5465/amr.2018.0072 · Cited by 2,755
Provisional Selves: Experimenting with Image and Identity in Professional Adaptation
Ibarra, H. (1999) · Administrative Science Quarterly · doi:10.2307/2667055 · Cited by 2,702 · cited 1×
“Studies focusing on the individual level examine how, over time, individual employees develop their own identity through education, training, and experience (Ibarra, 1999; Pratt et al., 2006).”
BackgroundProfessionalism: The Third Logic
Freidson, E. (2001) · Contemporary Sociology A Journal of Reviews · doi:10.2307/3090041 · Cited by 2,515 · cited 1×
“Thus, professionals not only define themselves in association with their own work but also in relation to the work of others (Abbott, 1988; Becker et al., 1961; Freidson, 2001; Reay et al., 2017).”
ResultPratt, M. G., Rockmann, K. W., & Kaufmann, J. B. (2006) · Academy of Management Journal · doi:10.5465/amj.2006.20786060 · Cited by 1,973 · cited 8×
“Existing literature on information systems (IS) and identity centers, first, on identities tied to material objects (Carter et al., 2020a, 2020b; Carter & Grover, 2015) and, second, on identities tied to work roles and social groups (Chreim et al., 2007; Nelson & Irwin, 2014; Pratt et al., 2006).”
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Items 201–203 of 203
Artificial Coworkers, Emotional Attachment, and Identity Projection at Work
Johnson, E., Smith, R., Brown, L., & Miller, K. (2026) · Journal of Applied Organizational Systems and Behavior · doi:10.51847/vf2huldu1x
Who Receives Credit for Effort in Technology-Mediated Organizational Work?
Novak, P., & Svoboda, J. (2026) · Journal of Applied Organizational Systems and Behavior · doi:10.51847/dridy8nnys
Meaningful Work after Automation Reshapes Identity and Skill
Alvarez, M., Herrera, S., Cruz, D., & Castro, A. (2024) · Journal of Applied Organizational Systems and Behavior · doi:10.51847/py8rnrtget
Metadata
- Authors
- Strich, F., University of Bayreuth, G., Mayer, A.-S., University of Passau, G., Fiedler, M., & University of Passau, G.
- Affiliations
- University of Bayreuth (DE)
- University of Passau (DE)
- Venue
- Journal of the Association for Information Systems
- Publisher
- Association for Information Systems
- Published
- 2021
- Volume
- 22
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 304-324
- ISSN
- 1536-9323 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W3143363932
- Cited by
- 232
- References
- 55
- Citations by year
- 2026: 55 · 2025: 70 · 2024: 52 · 2023: 37 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 6
- FWCI
- 37.07
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- figshare.com
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- Journal of the Association for Information Systems (publishedVersion)
- Journal of the Association for Information Systems (submittedVersion)
- Own your potential (DEAKIN) (submittedVersion)
- ERef Bayreuth (University of Bayreuth) (submittedVersion)
- Figshare (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Management Information Systems › Information Systems Theories and Implementation
- Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management › AI and HR Technologies
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Artificial Intelligence › Ethics and Social Impacts of AI
- Keywords
- artificial intelligence in the workplace, professional role identity, employee identity, decision-making, identity protection, identity strengthening, artificial intelligence adoption, human-AI interaction
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