Cited by 157Coral and Marine Ecosystems StudiesGenetic diversity and population structureMarine Biology and Ecology Research

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Ecologically relevant dispersal of corals on isolated reefs: implications for managing resilience

Underwood, Jim N., Smith, Luke D., Oppen, Madeleine J. H. van, Gilmour, James P.·2009·Ecological Applications

DOI 10.1890/07-1461.1

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Abstract

Coral reefs are in decline worldwide, and marine reserve networks have been advocated as a powerful management tool for maximizing the resilience of coral communities to an increasing variety, number, and severity of disturbances. However, the effective design of reserves must account for the spatial scales of larval dispersal that affect the demography of communities over ecological time frames. Ecologically relevant distances of dispersal were inferred from DNA microsatellite data in a broadcast‐spawning (Acropora tenuis) and a brooding (Seriatopora hystrix) coral at isolated reef systems off northwest Australia. Congruent with expectations based on life histories, levels of genetic subdivision among populations were markedly higher in the brooder than in the broadcast spawner. Additionally, significant subdivision for both species between systems (>100 km), and between (>10 km) or within reefs (<10 km) within systems, indicated that many reefs or reef patches are demographically independent. There was also a clear distinction in the scale of genetic structure between the different systems; at the more geographically complex of the systems, a much finer scale structure was detected in both species. This suggested that the hydrodynamics associated with these complex reefs restrict distances regularly traveled by larvae. The primary implication is that short‐term recovery of these coral communities after severe disturbance requires the input of larvae from viable communities kilometers to a few tens of kilometers away. Therefore, to be self‐sustaining, we suggest that coral reef protected areas need to be large enough to encompass these routine dispersal distances. Further, to facilitate recovery from severe disturbances, protected areas need to be replicated over these spatial scales. However, specific designs also need to account for size, complexity, and isolation of reefs, which will either restrict or enhance dispersal within this range.

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Authors: Underwood, J. N., Smith, L. D., Oppen, M. J. H. V., & Gilmour, J. P.
Affiliations: The University of Western Australia (AU)
Australian Institute of Marine Science (AU)
Corresponding author: Underwood, Jim N.
ORCID: Underwood, Jim N.
Smith, Luke D.
Oppen, Madeleine J. H. van
Gilmour, James P.
Venue: Ecological Applications
Publisher: Wiley
Published: 2009-01
Volume: 19
Issue: 1
Pages: 18-29
ISSN: 1051-0761 (ISSN-L)
1939-5582
DOI: 10.1890/07-1461.1
OpenAlex: W2112535325
Cited by: 157
References: 80
Citations by year: 2026: 3 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 11 · 2013: 12 · 2012: 14
FWCI: 11.94
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor)
Locations: Ecological Applications (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
UWA Profiles and Research Repository (UWA) (submittedVersion)
Topics: Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Ecology › Coral and Marine Ecosystems Studies
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetic diversity and population structure
Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Oceanography › Marine Biology and Ecology Research
Keywords: coral larval dispersal, coral reef resilience, marine protected area design, genetic subdivision, Acropora tenuis, Seriatopora hystrix, broadcast spawning, brooding corals, population structure, reef hydrodynamics, disturbance recovery
MeSH terms: Adaptation, Physiological, Animals, Demography, Genotype, Reproduction, Genetic Variation, Ecosystem, Anthozoa

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Ecologically relevant dispersal of corals on isolated reefs: implications for managing resilience

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