The DOI matches its Crossref record; 48 of the 48 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
AN IMPLICIT TECHNOLOGY OF GENERALIZATION 1
Open accessAbstract
Traditionally, discrimination has been understood as an active process, and a technology of its procedures has been developed and practiced extensively. Generalization, by contrast, has been considered the natural result of failing to practice a discrimination technology adequately, and thus has remained a passive concept almost devoid of a technology. But, generalization is equally deserving of an active conceptualization and technology. This review summarizes the structure of the generalization literature and its implicit embryonic technology, categorizing studies designed to assess or program generalization according to nine general headings: Train and Hope; Sequential Modification; Introduce to Natural Maintaining Contingencies; Train Sufficient Exemplars; Train Loosely; Use Indiscriminable Contingencies; Program Common Stimuli; Mediate Generalization; and Train “To Generalize”.
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“Failures of generalization are common and should be planned for in the design of any widely used intervention (Lovaas, Koegel, Simmons, & Long, 1973; Stokes & Baer, 1977).”
From Changing Delay Discounting and Impulsive Choice: Implications for Addictions, Prevention, and Human Health (2019) · cites this paper as Stokes & Baer, 1977
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Symonds, P. M. (1954) · Journal of Educational Psychology · doi:10.1037/h0051901 · Cited by 4,902
Ferster, C. B., & Skinner, B. F. (1957) · doi:10.1037/10627-000 · Cited by 4,894
SOME CURRENT DIMENSIONS OF APPLIED BEHAVIOR ANALYSIS1
Baer, D. M., Wolf, M. M., & Risley, T. R. (1968) · Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis · doi:10.1901/jaba.1968.1-91 · Cited by 3,935
Self-citationTHE DEVELOPMENT OF IMITATION BY REINFORCING BEHAVIORAL SIMILARITY TO A MODEL1
Baer, D. M., Peterson, R. F., & Sherman, J. A. (1967) · Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior · doi:10.1901/jeab.1967.10-405 · Cited by 492
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THE EFFECT OF SELF‐RECORDING ON THE CLASSROOM BEHAVIOR OF TWO EIGHTH‐GRADE STUDENTS1
Broden, M., Hall, R. V., & Mitts, B. (1971) · Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis · doi:10.1901/jaba.1971.4-191 · Cited by 298
SETTING GENERALITY AND STIMULUS CONTROL IN AUTISTIC CHILDREN1
Rincover, A., & Koegel, R. L. (1975) · Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis · doi:10.1901/jaba.1975.8-235 · Cited by 247
DEVELOPING CORRESPONDENCE BETWEEN THE NON‐VERBAL AND VERBAL BEHAVIOR OF PRESCHOOL CHILDREN1
Risley, T. R., & Hart, B. M. (1968) · Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis · doi:10.1901/jaba.1968.1-267 · Cited by 246
SOCIAL CONTROL OF FORM DIVERSITY AND THE EMERGENCE OF NEW FORMS IN CHILDREN'S BLOCKBUILDING1
Goetz, E. M., & Baer, D. M. (1973) · Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis · doi:10.1901/jaba.1973.6-209 · Cited by 218
Self-citationTeaching self-control to disruptive children.
Drabman, R. S., Spitalnik, R., & O’Leary, K. D. (1973) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/h0034981 · Cited by 206
Research works printed but not linked: 4
- Ayllon T., 1968, The token economy
- Baer D. M., 1970, Control of human behavior: Volume II, 319
- Graubard P. S., 1971, A new direction for education: behavior analysis, 80
- Yates A. J., 1970, Behavior therapy
Cited by
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Reciprocal Teaching of Comprehension-Fostering and Comprehension-Monitoring Activities
Palinscar, A. S., & Brown, A. L. (1984) · Cognition and Instruction · doi:10.1207/s1532690xci0102_1 · Cited by 5,186
Learning, Remembering, and Understanding
Reynolds, S. (2017) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9781315211985-5 · Cited by 1,428
Harnessing neuroplasticity for clinical applications
Cramer, S. C., Sur, M., Dobkin, B. H., O'Brien, C., Sanger, T. D., Trojanowski, J. Q., Rumsey, J. M., Hicks, R., Cameron, J., Chen, D., et al. (2011) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/awr039 · Cited by 1,259
Core Implementation Components
Fixsen, D. L., Blase, K. A., Naoom, S. F., & Wallace, F. (2009) · Research on Social Work Practice · doi:10.1177/1049731509335549 · Cited by 1,103
A Randomized Trial of Methods to Help Clinicians Learn Motivational Interviewing.
Miller, W. R., Yahne, C. E., Moyers, T. B., Martinez, J., & Pirritano, M. (2004) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-006x.72.6.1050 · Cited by 1,075
Metadata
- Authors
- Stokes, T. F., & Baer, D. M.
- Affiliations
- University of Kansas (US)
- Corresponding author
- Stokes, Trevor F.
- ORCID
- Stokes, Trevor F.
- Venue
- Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 1977-06
- Volume
- 10
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 349-367
- ISSN
- 0021-8855 (ISSN-L)
- 1938-3703
- PMC
- PMC1311194
- OpenAlex
- W1998493215
- Cited by
- 3,351
- References
- 48
- Citations by year
- 2026: 54 · 2025: 88 · 2024: 72 · 2023: 106 · 2022: 101 · 2021: 102 · 2020: 106 · 2019: 106 · 2018: 108 · 2017: 108 · 2016: 91 · 2015: 97 · 2014: 120 · 2013: 71 · 2012: 84
- FWCI
- 63.00
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Behavioral and Psychological Studies
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Human Resource Development and Performance Evaluation
- Social Sciences › Psychology › General Psychology › Academic and Historical Perspectives in Psychology
- Keywords
- generalization, discrimination, stimulus control, stimulus equivalence, stimulus generalization
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