Cited by 420Oral microbiology and periodontitis researchPeriodontal Regeneration and TreatmentsDental Research and COVID-19

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 45 of the 45 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

The Pathobiology of Periodontal Diseases May Affect Systemic Diseases: Inversion of a Paradigm

Page, Roy C.·1998·Annals of Periodontology

DOI 10.1902/annals.1998.3.1.108

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Abstract

A new paradigm for the pathobiology of periodontitis is presented, and the manner in which periodontitis may relate to susceptibility for certain systemic diseases such as cardiovascular disease and preterm labor is described. Periodontitis is caused by a small group of Gram‐negative bacteria present on the tooth root surfaces as biofilms. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and other substances gain access to the gingival tissues, initiate and perpetuate immunoinflammation, resulting in production of high levels of proinflammatory cytokines. These induce production of matrix metalloproteinases which destroy the connective tissues of the gingiva and periodontal ligament, and prostaglandins which mediate alveolar bone destruction. Periodontitis may enhance susceptibility to systemic diseases in several ways. LPS and viable Gram‐negative bacteria from the biofilms and proinflammatory cytokines from the inflamed periodontal tissues may enter the circulation in pathogenic quantities. In addition, periodontitis and certain systemic diseases, such as cardiovascular disease, share risk factors including tobacco smoking, male gender, race/ethnicity, stress, and aging. Ann Periodontol 1998;3:108–120.

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“[39–45].”

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Authors: Page, R. C.
Affiliations: University of Washington (US)
Corresponding author: Page, Roy C.
Venue: Annals of Periodontology
Publisher: Wiley
Published: 1998-07
Volume: 3
Issue: 1
Pages: 108-120
ISSN: 1553-0841 (ISSN-L)
2162-5131
DOI: 10.1902/annals.1998.3.1.108
OpenAlex: W1967814211
Cited by: 420
References: 45
Citations by year: 2026: 4 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 16 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 17 · 2021: 20 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 16 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 18 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 18 · 2014: 18 · 2013: 26 · 2012: 34
FWCI: 19.34
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor)
Locations: Annals of Periodontology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: National Institutes of Health (5p01de008555-10)
National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (T32 DE 07063, P30 DE09743, P01DE08555, T32DE007063, P30DE009743)
Topics: Health Sciences › Dentistry › Periodontics › Oral microbiology and periodontitis research
Health Sciences › Dentistry › Periodontics › Periodontal Regeneration and Treatments
Health Sciences › Dentistry › General Dentistry › Dental Research and COVID-19
Keywords: periodontitis, cardiovascular disease, preterm labor, Gram-negative bacteria, biofilm, lipopolysaccharide, immune inflammation, inflammatory cytokines, matrix metalloproteinases, prostaglandins, alveolar bone loss, periodontal ligament, risk factors, smoking
MeSH terms: Animals, Cardiovascular Diseases, Disease Susceptibility, Focal Infection, Dental, Gram-Negative Anaerobic Bacteria, Health Status, Humans, Periodontitis, Risk Factors, Cytokines, Biofilms, Inflammation Mediators

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The Pathobiology of Periodontal Diseases May Affect Systemic Diseases: Inversion of a Paradigm

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