The DOI matches its Crossref record; 51 of the 51 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
A Prospective Investigation of Physical Health Outcomes in Abused and Neglected Children: New Findings From a 30-Year Follow-Up
Open accessAbstract
Objectives. We investigated whether abused and neglected children are at risk for negative physical health outcomes in adulthood. Methods. Using a prospective cohort design, we matched children (aged 0–11 years) with documented cases of physical and sexual abuse and neglect from a US Midwestern county during 1967 through 1971 with nonmaltreated children. Both groups completed a medical status examination (measured health outcomes and blood tests) and interview during 2003 through 2005 (mean age = 41.2 years). Results. After adjusting for age, gender, and race, child maltreatment predicted above normal hemoglobin, lower albumin levels, poor peak airflow, and vision problems in adulthood. Physical abuse predicted malnutrition, albumin, blood urea nitrogen, and hemoglobin A1C. Neglect predicted hemoglobin A1C, albumin, poor peak airflow, and oral health and vision problems, Sexual abuse predicted hepatitis C and oral health problems. Additional controls for childhood socioeconomic status, adult socioeconomic status, unhealthy behaviors, smoking, and mental health problems play varying roles in attenuating or intensifying these relationships. Conclusions. Child abuse and neglect affect long-term health status—increasing risk for diabetes, lung disease, malnutrition, and vision problems—and support the need for early health care prevention.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Felitti, V. J., Anda, R. F., Nordenberg, D., Williamson, D. F., Spitz, A. M., Edwards, V., Koss, M. P., & Marks, J. S. (1998) · American Journal of Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1016/s0749-3797(98)00017-8 · Cited by 18,943
Child abuse: Adolescent records vs. adult recall
Femina, D. D., Yeager, C. A., & Lewis, D. O. (1990) · Child Abuse & Neglect · doi:10.1016/0145-2134(90)90033-p · Cited by 8,820
Four Factor Index of Social Status
Paschou, R. (1975) · Cited by 6,988
Socioeconomic status and child development
Bradley, R. H., & Corwyn, R. F. (2002) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev.psych.53.100901.135233 · Cited by 5,484
Four Factor Index of Social Status [1975]
Hollingshead, A. B. (1975) · Cited by 5,151
Burden and consequences of child maltreatment in high-income countries
Gilbert, R., Widom, C. S., Browne, K., Fergusson, D., Webb, E., & Janson, S. (2009) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(08)61706-7 · Cited by 3,876
Self-citationSocioeconomic status and health: The challenge of the gradient
Adler, N. E., Boyce, T., Chesney, M. A., Cohen, S., Folkman, S., Kahn, R. L., & Syme, S. L. (1994) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/0003-066x.49.1.15 · Cited by 2,383
Shonkoff, J. P., Boyce, W. T., & McEwen, B. S. (2009) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2009.754 · Cited by 2,326
Widom, C. S. (1989) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.2704995 · Cited by 1,976
Self-citationThe lasting impact of childhood health and circumstance
Case, A., Fertig, A., & Paxson, C. (2005) · Journal of Health Economics · doi:10.1016/j.jhealeco.2004.09.008 · Cited by 1,738
Cited by
Norman, R. E., Byambaa, M., De, R., Butchart, A., Scott, J., & Vos, T. (2012) · PLoS Medicine · doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1001349 · Cited by 3,387
Suglia, S. F., Koenen, K. C., Boynton-Jarrett, R., Chan, P. S., Clark, C. J., Danese, A., Faith, M. S., Goldstein, B. I., Hayman, L. L., Isasi, C. R., et al. (2018) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/cir.0000000000000536 · Cited by 518
Greene, C. A., Haisley, L., Wallace, C., & Ford, J. D. (2020) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2020.101891 · Cited by 406
Adverse Childhood Experiences and Child Health in Early Adolescence
Flaherty, E. G., Thompson, R., Dubowitz, H., Harvey, E. M., English, D. J., Proctor, L. J., & Runyan, D. K. (2013) · JAMA Pediatrics · doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2013.22 · Cited by 353
McCrory, E. J., & Viding, E. (2015) · Development and Psychopathology · doi:10.1017/s0954579415000115 · Cited by 295
Metadata
- Authors
- Widom, C. S., Czaja, S. J., Bentley, T., & Johnson, M. S.
- Venue
- American Journal of Public Health
- Publisher
- American Public Health Association
- Published
- 2012-06
- Volume
- 102
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 1135-1144
- ISSN
- 0090-0036 (ISSN-L)
- 1541-0048
- OpenAlex
- W2166400079
- Cited by
- 401
- References
- 51
- FWCI
- 27.39
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: A Prospective Investigation of Physical Health Outcomes in Abused and Neglected Children: New Findings From a 30-Year Follow-Up. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.2105/ajph.2011.300636
- The paper
- Widom, C. S., Czaja, S. J., Bentley, T., & Johnson, M. S. (2012). A Prospective Investigation of Physical Health Outcomes in Abused and Neglected Children: New Findings From a 30-Year Follow-Up. American Journal of Public Health. https://doi.org/10.2105/ajph.2011.300636
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
