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Suicide and Friendships Among American Adolescents
Open accessAbstract
Objectives. We investigated the relationship between friendships and suicidality among male and female adolescents. Methods. We analyzed friendship data on 13 465 adolescents from the National Longitudinal Survey of Adolescent Health to explore the relationship between friendship and suicidal ideation and suicide attempts. We controlled for known factors associated with suicidality. Results. Having had a friend who committed suicide increased the likelihood of suicidal ideation and attempts for both boys and girls. Socially isolated females were more likely to have suicidal thoughts, as were females whose friends were not friends with each other. Among adolescents thinking about suicide, suicide attempts appear largely stochastic, with few consistent risk factors between boys and girls. Conclusions. The friendship environment affects suicidality for both boys and girls. Female adolescents’ suicidal thoughts are significantly increased by social isolation and friendship patterns in which friends were not friends with each other.
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“adolescents may be particularly susceptible toward the socialization of self-injury when a close friend endorses depressive symptoms, NSSI, or suicidal ideation and behavior (Bearman & Moody 2004, Kandel et al. 1991, Rew et al. 2001, Yoder 1999)”
From Adolescent Suicide as a Failure of Acute Stress-Response Systems. (2019) · cites this paper as Bearman & Moody 2004
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“Likewise, networks appear to have gendered effects, with girls being most at risk of suicidality when they have exceedingly small social networks or are immersed in exceedingly large ones (Bearman and Moody, 2004).”
From The Social Roots of Suicide: Theorizing How the External Social World Matters to Suicide and Suicide Prevention (2021) · cites this paper as Bearman and Moody, 2004
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“With regard to the 49 studies with the highest methodological rigor, 39 (80%) reported less suicide, fewer suicide attempts, or more negative attitudes toward suicide among the more R/S [155–170] and two (4%) found positive relationships (one study in Delhi, India [171], and one in college students distressed over R/S concerns [172]).”
From Religion, Spirituality, and Health: The Research and Clinical Implications (2012) · cites this paper as [164]
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“In girls, a large, fragmented network consisting of friends who were not friends with each other further increased risk of depression because the care of maintaining such networks involved even more work (Bearman and Moody, 2004).”
From Social functioning in major depressive disorder (2016) · cites this paper as Bearman and Moody, 2004
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Metadata
- Authors
- Bearman, P. S., & Moody, J.
- Affiliations
- The Ohio State University (US)
- Venue
- American Journal of Public Health
- Publisher
- American Public Health Association
- Published
- 2004-01
- Volume
- 94
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 89-95
- ISSN
- 0090-0036 (ISSN-L)
- 1541-0048
- PMC
- PMC1449832
- OpenAlex
- W1970545454
- Cited by
- 760
- References
- 32
- Citations by year
- 2026: 19 · 2025: 21 · 2024: 21 · 2023: 60 · 2022: 33 · 2021: 38 · 2020: 37 · 2019: 40 · 2018: 29 · 2017: 73 · 2016: 51 · 2015: 50 · 2014: 42 · 2013: 40 · 2012: 35
- FWCI
- 15.76
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- American Journal of Public Health (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Columbia Academic Commons (Columbia University)
- Funders
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (HD 31921, P01HD031921)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Suicide and Self-Harm Studies
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Homicide, Infanticide, and Child Abuse
- Social Sciences › Health › Gun Ownership and Violence Research
- Keywords
- adolescent suicide, suicidal ideation, suicide attempts, friendship, peer relationships, social isolation, gender differences, suicide bereavement
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Psychology, Adolescent, Adult, Female, Humans, Interpersonal Relations, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Surveys and Questionnaires, Risk Factors, Role, Self Concept, Social Support, Suicide, Suicide, Attempted, United States, Logistic Models, Friends
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