Assessing ChatGPT Responses to Common Patient Questions Regarding Total Hip Arthroplasty

Mika, Aleksander P.; Martin, J. Ryan; Engstrom, Stephen M.; Polkowski, Gregory G.; Wilson, Jacob M.

doi:10.2106/jbjs.23.00209

Cited by 273Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and EducationTotal Knee Arthroplasty OutcomesSocial Media in Health Education

Assessing ChatGPT Responses to Common Patient Questions Regarding Total Hip Arthroplasty

Mika, Aleksander P., Martin, J. Ryan, Engstrom, Stephen M., Polkowski, Gregory G., Wilson, Jacob M.·2023·Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery

DOI 10.2106/jbjs.23.00209

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Abstract

Background: The contemporary patient has access to numerous resources on common orthopaedic procedures before ever presenting for a clinical evaluation. Recently, artificial intelligence (AI)-driven chatbots have become mainstream, allowing patients to engage with interfaces that supply convincing, human-like responses to prompts. ChatGPT (OpenAI), a recently developed AI-based chat technology, is one such application that has garnered rapid growth in popularity. Given the likelihood that patients may soon call on this technology for preoperative education, we sought to determine whether ChatGPT could appropriately answer frequently asked questions regarding total hip arthroplasty (THA). Methods: Ten frequently asked questions regarding total hip arthroplasty were posed to the chatbot during a conversation thread, with no follow-up questions or repetition. Each response was analyzed for accuracy with use of an evidence-based approach. Responses were rated as “excellent response not requiring clarification,” “satisfactory requiring minimal clarification,” “satisfactory requiring moderate clarification,” or “unsatisfactory requiring substantial clarification.” Results: Of the responses given by the chatbot, only 1 received an “unsatisfactory” rating; 2 did not require any correction, and the majority required either minimal (4 of 10) or moderate (3 of 10) clarification. Although several responses required nuanced clarification, the chatbot’s responses were generally unbiased and evidence-based, even for controversial topics. Conclusions: The chatbot effectively provided evidence-based responses to questions commonly asked by patients prior to THA. The chatbot presented information in a way that most patients would be able to understand. This resource may serve as a valuable clinical tool for patient education and understanding prior to orthopaedic consultation in the future.

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ChatGPT shows promise in assisting orthopedic surgeons, patients, and students, providing relevant information about orthopedic topics and acting as an informative tool for students.
“ChatGPT shows promise in assisting orthopedic surgeons, patients, and students, providing relevant information about orthopedic topics and acting as an informative tool for students.7151617)”
From Application of ChatGPT for Orthopedic Surgeries and Patient Care (2024) · cites this paper as [16]
LLMs can successfully mimic patients with various types of medical history or personality and can be a valuable tool for educating patients in a clinical setting.
“In addition, it has been shown that LLM can successfully mimic patients with various types of medical history or personality, and can be a valuable tool for educating patients in a clinical setting [ 8 – 11 ].”
From Large language models improve clinical decision making of medical students through patient simulation and structured feedback: a randomized controlled trial (2024) · cites this paper as [9]

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Large Language Models for Chatbot Health Advice Studies: A Systematic Review
Huo, B., Boyle, A., Marfo, N., Tangamornsuksan, W., Steen, J. P., McKechnie, T., Lee, Y., Mayol, J., Antoniou, S. A., Thirunavukarasu, A. J., et al. (2025) · JAMA Network Open · doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.57879 · Cited by 283 · see citing works
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Application of ChatGPT for Orthopedic Surgeries and Patient Care
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ChatGPT‐4 Performs Clinical Information Retrieval Tasks Using Consistently More Trustworthy Resources Than Does Google Search for Queries Concerning the Latarjet Procedure
Oeding, J. F., Lu, A. Z., Mazzucco, M., Fu, M. C., Taylor, S. A., Dines, D. M., Warren, R. F., Gulotta, L. V., Dines, J. S., & Kunze, K. N. (2025) · Arthroscopy · doi:10.1016/j.arthro.2024.05.025 · Cited by 27 · see citing works

Authors: Mika, A. P., Martin, J. R., Engstrom, S. M., Polkowski, G. G., & Wilson, J. M.
Affiliations: Vanderbilt University Medical Center (US)
ORCID: Mika, Aleksander P.
Martin, J. Ryan
Engstrom, Stephen M.
Polkowski, Gregory G.
Wilson, Jacob M.
Venue: Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Published: 2023-07-17
Volume: 105
Issue: 19
Pages: 1519-1526
ISSN: 0021-9355 (ISSN-L)
1535-1386
DOI: 10.2106/jbjs.23.00209
OpenAlex: W4384499300
Cited by: 273
References: 105
Citations by year: 2026: 66 · 2025: 99 · 2024: 100 · 2023: 7 · 2012: 1
FWCI: 10.83
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Health Informatics › Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education
Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Total Knee Arthroplasty Outcomes
Social Sciences › Health › Social Media in Health Education
Keywords: ChatGPT, total hip arthroplasty, chatbots, patient education, preoperative information, frequently asked questions, artificial intelligence, orthopedic consultation
MeSH terms: Artificial Intelligence, Communication, Humans, Orthopedics, Orthopedic Procedures, Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip

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Assessing ChatGPT Responses to Common Patient Questions Regarding Total Hip Arthroplasty

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