Impact of Nitrogen Fertilization and Cropping System on Carbon Sequestration in Midwestern Mollisols

Russell, A. E.; Laird, D. A.; Parkin, T. B.; Mallarino, A. P.

doi:10.2136/sssaj2005.0413

Cited by 213Soil Carbon and Nitrogen DynamicsSoil Management and Crop YieldAgricultural Science and Fertilization

Impact of Nitrogen Fertilization and Cropping System on Carbon Sequestration in Midwestern Mollisols

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Russell, A. E., Laird, D. A., Parkin, T. B., Mallarino, A. P.·2005·Soil Science Society of America Journal

DOI 10.2136/sssaj2005.0413

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Abstract

Growing interest in the potential for agricultural soils to provide a sink for atmospheric C has prompted studies of effects of management on soil organic carbon (SOC) sequestration. We analyzed the impact on SOC of four N fertilization rates (0–270 kg N ha −1 ) and four cropping systems: continuous corn (CC) ( Zea mays L.); corn–soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.] (CS); corn–corn–oat–alfalfa (oat, Avena sativa L.; alfalfa, Medicago sativa L.) (CCOA), and corn–oat–alfalfa–alfalfa (COAA). Soils were sampled in 2002, Years 23 and 48 of the experiments located in northeast and north‐central Iowa, respectively. The experiments were conducted using a replicated split‐plot design under conventional tillage. A native prairie was sampled to provide a reference (for one site only). Cropping systems that contained alfalfa had the highest SOC stocks, whereas the CS system generally had the lowest SOC stocks. Concentrations of SOC increased significantly between 1990 and 2002 in only two of the nine systems for which historical data were available, the fertilized CC and COAA systems at one site. Soil quality indices such as particulate organic carbon (POC) were influenced by cropping system, with CS < CC < CCOA. In the native prairie, SOC, POC, and resistant C concentrations were 2.8, 2.6, and 3.9 times, respectively, the highest values in cropped soil, indicating that cultivated soils had not recovered to precultivation conditions. Although corn yields increased with N additions, N fertilization increased SOC stocks only in the CC system at one site. Considering the C cost for N fertilizer production, N fertilization generally had a net negative effect on C sequestration.

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In contrast to Russell et al. (2005), alfalfa reduced SOC when added to the corn-soybean rotation.
“However, in contrast to Russell et al. (2005), alfalfa reduced SOC when added to the corn-soybean rotation.”
From LIFE-CYCLE ASSESSMENT OF NET GREENHOUSE-GAS FLUX FOR BIOENERGY CROPPING SYSTEMS (2007) · cites this paper as Russell et al. (2005)

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Authors: Russell, A. E., Laird, D. A., Parkin, T. B., & Mallarino, A. P.
Affiliations: Iowa State University (US)
Agricultural Research Service (US)
Corresponding author: Russell, A. E.
ORCID: Russell, A. E.
Laird, D. A.
Mallarino, A. P.
Venue: Soil Science Society of America Journal
Publisher: Wiley
Published: 2005-03
Volume: 69
Issue: 2
Pages: 413-422
ISSN: 0361-5995 (ISSN-L)
1435-0661
DOI: 10.2136/sssaj2005.0413
OpenAlex: W2092299317
Cited by: 213
References: 37
Citations by year: 2026: 1 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 16 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 17 · 2019: 17 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 14 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 11 · 2013: 14 · 2012: 10
FWCI: 12.03
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
lib.dr.iastate.edu
Licence: onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor)
Locations: Soil Science Society of America Journal (publishedVersion)
Iowa State University Digital Repository (Iowa State University) (submittedVersion)
Funders: U.S. Department of Agriculture
Topics: Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Soil Science › Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics
Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Soil Science › Soil Management and Crop Yield
Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Soil Science › Agricultural Science and Fertilization
Keywords: soil organic carbon sequestration, nitrogen fertilization, cropping systems, Mollisols, alfalfa, corn-soybean rotation, continuous corn, particulate organic carbon, native prairie, conventional tillage, maize yield, Iowa

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Impact of Nitrogen Fertilization and Cropping System on Carbon Sequestration in Midwestern Mollisols

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