The DOI matches its Crossref record; 2 of the 2 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Environmental Violations, Legal Penalties, and Reputation Costs
Open accessOverview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Toward a New Conception of the Environment-Competitiveness Relationship
Porter, M. E., & Linde, C. V. D. (1995) · Journal of Economic Perspectives · doi:10.1257/jep.9.4.97 · Cited by 13,365
The Role of Market Forces in Assuring Contractual Performance
Klein, B., & Leffler, K. B. (1981) · Journal of Political Economy · doi:10.1086/260996 · Cited by 3,653
Cited by
Libertarian Paternalism Is Not an Oxymoron
Sunstein, C. R., & Thaler, R. H. (2003) · The University of Chicago Law Review · doi:10.2307/1600573 · Cited by 1,288
King, A. A., & Lenox, M. J. (2001) · Journal of Industrial Ecology · doi:10.1162/108819801753358526 · Cited by 1,050
Corporate boards and outside stakeholders as determinants of environmental litigation
Kassinis, G., & Vafeas, N. (2002) · Strategic Management Journal · doi:10.1002/smj.230 · Cited by 512
Sunstein, C. R. (1999) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.199668 · Cited by 384
Management Turnover and Governance Changes Following the Revelation of Fraud
Agrawal, A., Jaffe, J. F., & Karpoff, J. M. (1999) · The Journal of Law and Economics · doi:10.1086/467427 · Cited by 314
Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Karpoff, J. M., Lott, J. R., & Rankine, G.
- Venue
- SSRN Electronic Journal
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1998
- ISSN
- 1556-5068 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1550649104
- Cited by
- 285
- References
- 2
- Type
- posted content
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
