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Cited by 19Temporomandibular Joint DisordersMusculoskeletal pain and rehabilitationPain Management and Treatment

Association Between Coping Strategies and Pain-Related Outcomes Among Individuals with Chronic Orofacial Pain

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Greenberg, Jonathan, Bakhshaie, Jafar, Lovette, Brenda C, Vranceanu, Ana-Maria·2022·Journal of Pain Research
DOI 10.2147/jpr.s350024PMC PMC8846621
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Abstract

BACKGROUND: Chronic orofacial pain is associated with substantial pain-related disability and emotional distress. Understanding the relationship between individuals' coping strategies and pain-related outcomes is important yet understudied in this population. PURPOSE: To test the cross-sectional association of three coping strategies (pain catastrophizing, kinesiophobia and mindfulness) to four pain-related outcomes (depression, anxiety, pain intensity, and pain-related disability) among individuals with chronic orofacial pain, after accounting for relevant demographic and clinical variables. METHODS: Individuals (N=303) with heterogeneous chronic orofacial pain (eg, trigeminal neuralgia, other trigeminal neuropathic pain, persistent idiopathic facial pain and other types) completed self-report measures of coping (Pain Catastrophizing Scale, Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia, and the 15-item Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire), pain intensity and pain-related disability (Graded Chronic Pain Scale), and PROMIS measure of anxiety and depression. We conducted 4 two-step hierarchical regressions for each of the four pain-related and emotional outcomes, with the first step including demographic and clinical covariates, and the second step including the three coping variables together. RESULTS: Pain catastrophizing was the only coping variable significantly associated with pain intensity (B=0.362, SE=0.115, p=0.002, 3% variance explained) and pain-related disability (B =0.813, SE=0.162, p<0.001, 7% variance explained). Pain catastrophizing (B=0.231-0.267, SE=0.046-0.051-0.050, p<0.001), kinesiophobia (B=0.201-0.316, SE=0.081-0.084, p<0.001-0.018), and mindfulness (B=0.231-0.306, SE=0.046-0.067, p<0.001) were each independently associated with symptoms of anxiety and depression, with the largest incremental variance added by catastrophizing (5-8%) and mindfulness (5%). CONCLUSION: Pain catastrophizing appears to be an important intervention target to improve pain intensity, pain-related disability, anxiety and depression among individuals with chronic orofacial pain. Kinesiophobia and mindfulness may be additional treatment targets for interventions to improve anxiety and depression.

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  • The authors have previously shown that the total mindfulness score measured with the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ-15) was associated with positive anxiety and depression outcomes but was not significantly associated with pain intensity and pain-related disability outcomes in patients with chronic heterogeneous orofacial pain.

    “The authors have previously shown that the total mindfulness score measured with the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire 10 (FFMQ-15) was associated with positive anxiety and depression outcomes but was not significantly associated with pain intensity and pain-related disability outcomes in patients with chronic heterogeneous orofacial pain. 11”

    From Mindfulness Facets Associated with Orofacial Pain Outcomes. (2022) · cites this paper as [11]

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Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Greenberg, J., Bakhshaie, J., Lovette, B. C., & Vranceanu, A.-M.
Affiliations
  • Harvard University (US)
  • MGH Institute of Health Professions (US)
Corresponding author
Greenberg, Jonathan
ORCID
Venue
Journal of Pain Research
Publisher
Informa UK Limited
Published
2022-02
Volume
Volume 15
Pages
431-442
ISSN
1178-7090 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.2147/jpr.s350024
PMC
PMC8846621
OpenAlex
W4211088702
Cited by
19
References
18
Citations by year
2026: 6 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 2
FWCI
3.79
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Journal of Pain Research (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Dove Medical Press (Taylor and Francis Group) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc)
Funders
National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health (K23AT010653, K24AT011760)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Health Professions › Complementary and Manual Therapy › Temporomandibular Joint Disorders
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Musculoskeletal pain and rehabilitation
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine › Pain Management and Treatment
Keywords
chronic orofacial pain, coping strategies, pain catastrophizing, kinesiophobia, mindfulness, pain intensity, pain-related disability, depression, anxiety, trigeminal neuralgia, persistent idiopathic facial pain, emotional distress, Graded Chronic Pain Scale, Pain Catastrophizing Scale, Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia, Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire

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