The Impact of Event Scale – Revised: psychometric properties of the Italian version in a sample of flood victims
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BACKGROUND: This study aims to verify the main psychometric properties of the Italian version of the Impact of Event Scale - Revised (IES-R) in a sample of flood victims. METHODS: The sample was composed of 262 subjects involved in the natural disaster of 2009 in the city of Messina (Italy). All participants completed the IES-R and the Dissociative Experiences Scale-II (DES-II) in order to verify some aspects of convergent validity. RESULTS: THE EXPLORATORY AND CONFIRMATORY FACTOR ANALYSIS, USED TO VERIFY THE CONSTRUCT VALIDITY OF THE MEASURE, SHOWED A CLEAR FACTOR STRUCTURE WITH THREE INDEPENDENT DIMENSIONS: intrusion, avoidance, and hyper-arousal. The goodness-of-fit indices (non-normed fit index [NNFI] = 0.99; comparative fit index [CFI] = 0.99; standardized root mean square residual [SRMR] = 0.04; and root mean square error of approximation [RMSEA] = 0.02) indicated a good adaptation of the model to the data. The IES-R scales showed satisfactory values of internal consistency (intrusion, α = 0.78; avoidance, α = 0.72; hyper-arousal, α = 0.83) and acceptable values of correlation with the DES-II. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that this self-reported and easily administered instrument for assessing the dimensions of trauma has good psychometric properties and can be adopted usefully, both for research and for practice in Italy.
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The Italian version of the IES-R has a clear factor structure with three independent and robust dimensions: intrusion, avoidance, and hyperarousal.
“The Italian version of the IES-R [29] has a clear factor structure with three independent and robust dimensions: intrusion, avoidance, and hyperarousal.”
PTSD symptoms were assessed with the IES-R, which showed high internal consistency (Cronbach's α = 0.95).
“To assess the perceived emotional distress that accompanies a stressful life event, we used the impact of event scale–revised (IES–R), that showed a high internal consistency (Cronbach’s α = 0.95) [26,27,28].”
From Anxiety, depression and risk of post-traumatic stress disorder in health workers: the relationship with burnout during COVID-19 pandemic in Italy (2021) · cites this paper as [27]
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- Authors
- Craparo, G., Faraci, P., Rotondo, G., & Gori, A.
- Affiliations
- Università degli Studi di Enna Kore (IT)
- Fondazione Istituto G. Giglio di Cefalù (IT)
- University of Florence (IT)
- Corresponding author
- Craparo, Giuseppe
- Venue
- Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2013-09
- Volume
- 9
- Pages
- 1427
- ISSN
- 1176-6328 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3788700
- OpenAlex
- W2039905564
- Cited by
- 146
- References
- 49
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 20 · 2023: 15 · 2022: 32 · 2021: 30 · 2020: 15 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 3
- FWCI
- 4.45
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Dove Medical Press (Taylor and Francis Group) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- Florence Research (University of Florence) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Management Science and Operations Research › Psychometric Methodologies and Testing
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Keywords
- Impact of Event Scale-Revised, psychometric properties, Italian adaptation, flood victims, natural disasters, post-traumatic stress, intrusion, avoidance, hyperarousal, dissociation, convergent validity, factor structure
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