Cited by 97Bone health and osteoporosis researchVitamin D Research StudiesForensic Anthropology and Bioarchaeology Studies

Physical Activity, Calcium Intake and Bone Health in Children and Adolescents

Ondrak, Kristin S, Morgan, Don W·2007·Sports Medicine

Abstract

Osteoporosis is a serious and potentially debilitating disease, which can lead to a variety of health complications and a diminished quality of life. Consequently, the development of bone mineral density (BMD) and content (BMC) during childhood and adolescence is of great importance, as it may attenuate the effects and incidence of osteoporosis later in life. Identifying the mechanisms by which bones are strengthened early in life is crucial. This review highlights research examining factors that influence BMD and BMC in children and adolescents. While a sizeable amount of variation in BMD and BMC in children and adolescents can be attributed to genetic factors and body size, studies have also shown the positive influence of physical activity and calcium intake on bone development. Research supporting the role of these modifiable factors varies according to age, sex and the bone site studied. During the pubertal years, large gains in BMD and BMC are evident. However, physical activity and calcium intake are also important to the development of BMD and BMC during the prepubertal years. Thus, actions taken throughout childhood may exert a great impact on BMD and BMC, and overall bone health as an adult.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.2165/00007256-200737070-00003

Cites

68 of 68 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

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  • During childhood and adolescence, it is necessary to engage in weight-bearing physical activities, such as running and jumping, in order to attain peak bone mass and maintain healthy bone mineral accrual.

    “During childhood and adolescence, it is necessary to engage in weight-bearing physical activities, such as running and jumping, in order to attain peak bone mass and maintain healthy bone mineral accrual.64–67”

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Authors
Ondrak, K. S., & Morgan, D. W.
Affiliations
  • University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (US)
  • Middle Tennessee State University (US)
Corresponding author
Ondrak, Kristin S
Venue
Sports Medicine
Published
2007
Volume
37
Issue
7
Pages
587-600
ISSN
0112-1642 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2014565783
Cited by
97
References
68
Citations by year
2026: 1 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 5
FWCI
6.91
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Sports Medicine (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Bone health and osteoporosis research
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pathology and Forensic Medicine › Vitamin D Research Studies
  • Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Archeology › Forensic Anthropology and Bioarchaeology Studies
Keywords
physical activity, calcium intake, bone mineral density, bone mineral content, bone health, children, adolescents, osteoporosis prevention, puberty, genetic factors, body size
MeSH terms
Adolescent, Bone Development, Calcium, Dietary, Child, Female, Humans, Male, Osteoporosis, Exercise, Bone Density

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