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Tannery effluent treatment and its environmental impact: a review of current practices and emerging technologies

Bhardwaj, Arpit, Kumar, Sanjeev, Singh, Davinder·2023·Water Quality Research Journal
DOI 10.2166/wqrj.2023.002
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Abstract

The tannery industry plays a significant role in the economy but poses a severe environmental threat due to its high water and chemical usage, leading to wastewater generation with a high concentration of pollutants. This wastewater contains a range of contaminants created throughout the leather manufacturing process, making effluent disposal a significant challenge for the industry. The tanning process also contributes significantly to the pH, biological oxygen demand (BOD), total suspended solids (TSS), chemical oxygen demand (COD), total dissolved solids (TDS), and concentrations of T Cr, Cr(III), Cr(VI), Cl−, sulfate, sulfide, and inorganic constituents in the wastewater. This review paper provides a concise overview of the origins and characteristics of post-tanning effluent, different treatment techniques, and applications of treated wastewater. Comparing the prominent tannery effluent technologies, adsorption and advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) effectively improved wastewater biodegradability before biological treatment. AOPs, enzymatic, adsorption, and coagulation treatment effectively upgraded the effluent to desired levels for disposal. Additionally, membrane separation processes have shown high pertinency in cases where the treated effluent is intended for reuse, whereas hybrid technologies can be the answer for better and cost-effective results.

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  • Tanning industries (such as those operating in RSIP in Arequipa) generate effluents that can have highly variable pH values (between 2 and 9) due to the chemical processes involved in transforming animal hides into leather, which include the use of acids, bases, and other chemicals.

    “Tanning industries (such as those operating in RSIP in Arequipa) generate effluents that can have highly variable pH values (between 2 and 9) due to the chemical processes involved in transforming animal hides into leather, which include the use of acids, bases, and other chemicals [124].”

    From Chromium Remediation from Tannery Wastewater in Arequipa, Peru: Local Experiences and Prospects for Sustainable Solutions (2025) · cites this paper as [124]

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Metadata

Authors
Bhardwaj, A., Kumar, S., & Singh, D.
Affiliations
1 Department of Civil Engineering, Dr. B.R. Ambedkar National Institute of Technology, Jalandhar 144011, India
ORCID
Venue
Water Quality Research Journal
Publisher
IWA Publishing
Published
2023-05-01
Volume
58
Issue
2
Pages
128-152
ISSN
  • 1201-3080
  • 2408-9443
DOI
10.2166/wqrj.2023.002
Cited by
98
References
0
Language
en
Licence
creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (vor, 8 d)

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