The DOI matches its Crossref record.
Pleiotropic effects of statins–clinical evidence.
Abstract
The present review considers the potential pleiotropic effects of statins and the evidence indicative of the "real world" benefit from these effects in patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD). Some of these cholesterol-independent effects of statins involve improved endothelial function, stability of atherosclerotic plaques, attenuation of oxidative stress and inflammation, as well as inhibition of the thrombogenic response. Clinical evidence from early statin administration in acute coronary syndromes and in revascularisation procedures is reported. Moreover, the "metabolic" effects of statin treatment, such as renal function improvement and reduction in serum uric acid levels, in patients with stable coronary heart disease are discussed. Evidence suggests that in high CVD risk patient groups pleiotropic effects of statins may play a role in the reduction of morbidity and mortality. However, this concept requires proof in appropriately designed trials that will include clinically relevant end points in order to set specific targets in new CVD-related biomarkers, in addition to lipid levels, that should be used to fully assess the statin contribution to CVD treatment.
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“Statins have various pleiotropic effects that are independent of their serum cholestrol-lowering properties. Some of those reported have included antioxidative, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory capabilities (Athyros et al., 2009).”
From Atorvastatin Reduces the Survival of Candida albicans-Infected BALB/c Mice (2015) · cites this paper as Athyros et al., 2009
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Athyros, V. G., Tziomalos, K., Gossios, T. D., Griva, T., Anagnostis, P., Kargiotis, K., Pagourelias, E. D., Theocharidou, E., Karagiannis, A., & Mikhailidis, D. P. (2010) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(10)61272-x · Cited by 685
Self-citationNon-alcoholic fatty liver disease and dyslipidemia: An update
Katsiki, N., Mikhailidis, D. P., & Mantzoros, C. S. (2016) · Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.metabol.2016.05.003 · Cited by 564
Self-citationA review of the role of apolipoprotein C-II in lipoprotein metabolism and cardiovascular disease
Kei, A. A., Filippatos, T. D., Tsimihodimos, V., & Elisaf, M. S. (2012) · Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.metabol.2011.12.002 · Cited by 136
“[144] Athyros VG, Kakafika AI, Tziomalos K, et al.”
BackgroundModulation of Hypercholesterolemia‐Induced Oxidative/Nitrative Stress in the Heart
Csonka, C., Sárközy, M., Pipicz, M., László, A., & Csont, T. (2015) · Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity · doi:10.1155/2016/3863726 · Cited by 123
“Some of these cholesterol-independent effects of statins involve improved endothelial function, stabilization of atherosclerotic plaques, and attenuation of oxidative stress and inflammation as well as inhibition of the thrombogenic response [64, 65].”
BackgroundCurrent therapeutic strategies in non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease
Dowman, J. K., Armstrong, M. J., Tomlinson, J., & Newsome, P. N. (2011) · Diabetes Obesity and Metabolism · doi:10.1111/j.1463-1326.2011.01403.x · Cited by 100
“The statin class of drugs prevents cholesterol synthesis by inhibition of the enxyme 3-hydroxy3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase, but their beneficial effects may extend beyond purely lowering cholesterol levels [143].”
Background
Metadata
- Authors
- Athyros, V., Kakafika, A., Tziomalos, K., Karagiannis, A., & Mikhailidis, D.
- Affiliations
- Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (GR)
- Corresponding author
- Mikhailidis, Dimitri
- Venue
- Current Pharmaceutical Design
- Publisher
- Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.
- Published
- 2009-02-01
- Volume
- 15
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 479-489
- ISSN
- 1381-6128 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2116801503
- Cited by
- 154
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 15 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 13 · 2012: 16
- FWCI
- 21.17
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Current Pharmaceutical Design (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- UCL Discovery (University College London) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Lipoproteins and Cardiovascular Health
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Atherosclerosis and Cardiovascular Diseases
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cancer Research › Cancer, Lipids, and Metabolism
- Keywords
- statins, pleiotropy, cardiovascular disease, endothelial function, atherosclerotic plaque stability, oxidative stress, inflammation, acute coronary syndrome, revascularization, renal function, serum uric acid, coronary artery disease, cardiovascular risk reduction
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Cardiovascular Diseases, Clinical Trials as Topic, Humans, Hypercholesterolemia, Risk Factors, Biomarkers, Oxidative Stress, Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors, Atherosclerosis
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