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Cited by 549

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Functional Properties and Genomics of Glucose Transporters

Open access
Zhao, Feng-Qi, Keating, Aileen·2007·Current Genomics

Abstract

Glucose is the major energy source for mammalian cells as well as an important substrate for protein and lipid synthesis. Mammalian cells take up glucose from extracellular fluid into the cell through two families of structurallyrelated glucose transporters. The facilitative glucose transporter family (solute carriers SLC2A, protein symbol GLUT) mediates a bidirectional and energy-independent process of glucose transport in most tissues and cells, while the NaM(+)/glucose cotransporter family (solute carriers SLC5A, protein symbol SGLT) mediates an active, Na(+)-linked transport process against an electrochemical gradient. The GLUT family consists of thirteen members (GLUT1-12 and HMIT). Phylogenetically, the members of the GLUT family are split into three classes based on protein similarities. Up to now, at least six members of the SGLT family have been cloned (SGLT1-6). In this review, we report both the genomic structure and function of each transporter as well as intra-species comparative genomic analysis of some of these transporters. The affinity for glucose and transport kinetics of each transporter differs and ranges from 0.2 to 17mM. The ability of each protein to transport alternative substrates also differs and includes substrates such as fructose and galactose. In addition, the tissue distribution pattern varies between species. There are different regulation mechanisms of these transporters. Characterization of transcriptional control of some of the gene promoters has been investigated and alternative promoter usage to generate different protein isoforms has been demonstrated. We also introduce some pathophysiological roles of these transporters in human.

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Metadata

Authors
Zhao, F.-Q., & Keating, A.
Venue
Current Genomics
Published
2007-04-01
Volume
8
Issue
2
Pages
113-128
ISSN
1389-2029 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2139807366
Cited by
549
References
167
FWCI
7.06
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
bronze

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CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Functional Properties and Genomics of Glucose Transporters. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.2174/138920207780368187
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Zhao, F.-Q., & Keating, A. (2007). Functional Properties and Genomics of Glucose Transporters. Current Genomics. https://doi.org/10.2174/138920207780368187

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