CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 430Dementia and Cognitive Impairment ResearchObesity, Physical Activity, DietAlzheimer's disease research and treatments

The DOI matches its Crossref record.

Body Mass Index in Midlife and Risk of Alzheimer Disease and Vascular Dementia

Whitmer, Rachel, Gunderson, Erica, Quesenberry, Charles, Zhou, Jufen, Yaffe, Kristine·2007·Current Alzheimer Research
DOI 10.2174/156720507780362047
Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

Prior work has suggested that obesity and overweight as measured by body mass index (BMI) increases risk of dementia. It is unknown if there is a difference in the risk of developing Alzheimer disease (AD) versus vascular dementia (VaD) associated with high body weight. The goal of this study was to examine the association between midlife BMI and risk of both AD and VaD an average of 36 years later in a large (N= 10,136) and diverse cohort of members of a health care delivery system. Participants aged 40-45 participated in health exams between 1964 and 1968. AD and VaD diagnoses were obtained from Neurology visits between January 1, 1994 and June 15, 2006. Those with diagnoses of general dementia from primary care providers were excluded from the study. BMI was analyzed in WHO categories of underweight, overweight and obese, as well as in subdivisions of WHO categories. All models were fully adjusted for age, education, race, sex, marital status, smoking, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, diabetes, ischemic heart disease and stroke. Cox proportional hazard models showed that compared to those with a normal BMI (18.5-24.9), those obese (BMI > or = 30) at midlife had a 3.10 fold increase in risk of AD (fully adjusted model, Hazard Ratio=3.10, 95% CI 2.19-4.38), and a five fold increase in risk of VaD (fully adjusted model, HR=5.01, 95% CI 2.98-8.43) while those overweight ( BMI > or = 25 and <30) had a two fold increase in risk of AD and VaD (fully adjusted model, HR=2.09, 95% CI 1.69-2.60 for AD and HR=1.95, 95% CI 1.29-2.96 for VaD). These data suggest that midlife BMI is strongly predictive of both AD and VaD, independent of stroke, cardiovascular and diabetes co morbidities. Future studies need to unveil the mechanisms between adiposity and excess risk of AD and VaD.

Overview

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.2174/156720507780362047

Cites

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Verification

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Citations

Cites

Still being checked.

Cited by

Sorted by citations

See all 430

Related

Metadata

Authors
Whitmer, R., Gunderson, E., Quesenberry, C., Zhou, J., & Yaffe, K.
Affiliations
  • Kaiser Permanente (US)
  • University of California, San Francisco (US)
ORCID
Venue
Current Alzheimer Research
Publisher
Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.
Published
2007-04-01
Volume
4
Issue
2
Pages
103-109
ISSN
1567-2050 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.2174/156720507780362047
OpenAlex
W2139377504
Cited by
430
References
0
Citations by year
2026: 8 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 20 · 2023: 18 · 2022: 17 · 2021: 26 · 2020: 27 · 2019: 16 · 2018: 23 · 2017: 29 · 2016: 26 · 2015: 20 · 2014: 46 · 2013: 29 · 2012: 30
FWCI
11.81
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Current Alzheimer Research (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institutes of Health
  • National Institute on Aging (AG027504, R03AG027504)
  • National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (K01DK066308, DK066308)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
Keywords
body mass index, midlife obesity, overweight, Alzheimer's disease, vascular dementia, dementia risk, adiposity, stroke, cardiovascular comorbidity, diabetes mellitus
MeSH terms
Adult, Alzheimer Disease, Body Weight, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Retrospective Studies, Risk, Dementia, Vascular, Body Mass Index, Incidence, Proportional Hazards Models

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review