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Body mass index in midlife and late-life as a risk factor for dementia: A meta-analysis of prospective studies

Anstey, K. J., Cherbuin, N., Budge, M., Young, J.·2011·Obesity Reviews

Abstract

The relationship between body mass index (BMI) (in midlife and late-life) and dementia was investigated in meta-analyses of 16 articles reporting on 15 prospective studies. Follow-ups ranged from 3.2 to 36.0 years. Meta-analyses were conducted on samples including 25 624 participants evaluated for Alzheimer's disease (AD), 15 435 participants evaluated for vascular dementia (VaD) and 30 470 followed for any type of dementia (Any Dementia). Low BMI in midlife was associated with 1.96 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.32, 2.92] times the risk of developing AD. The pooled relative risks for AD, VaD and Any Dementia for overweight BMI in midlife compared with normal BMI were 1.35 (95% CI:1.19, 1.54), 1.33 (95% CI: 1.02, 1.75) and 1.26 (95% CI: 1.10, 1.44), respectively. The pooled relative risks of AD and Any Dementia for obese BMI in midlife compared to normal BMI were 2.04 (95% CI: 1.59, 2.62) and 1.64 (95% CI: 1.34, 2.00), respectively. Continuous BMI in late-life was not associated with dementia. Small numbers of studies included in pooled analyses reduce generalizability of findings, and emphasize the need for publication of additional findings. We conclude that underweight, overweight and obesity in midlife increase dementia risk. Further research evaluating late-life BMI and dementia is required.

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Crossref · 10.1111/j.1467-789x.2010.00825.x

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  • Controllable risk factors for AD include obesity, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, type 2 diabetes, and sedentary lifestyle.

    “there are several controllable risk factors including obesity [156,157], hyperlipidemia [158,159], hypertension [160,161,162,163], type 2 diabetes [164,165,166,167], and sedentary lifestyle [168] that can be addressed in an effort to decrease the risk of developing AD.”

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Authors
Anstey, K. J., Cherbuin, N., Budge, M., & Young, J.
Affiliations
Australian National University (AU)
Corresponding author
Anstey, K. J.
Venue
Obesity Reviews
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2011-04-27
Volume
12
Issue
5
Pages
e426-37
ISSN
  • 1467-7881 (ISSN-L)
  • 1467-789X
OpenAlex
W1527171303
Cited by
855
References
60
Citations by year
2026: 27 · 2025: 56 · 2024: 68 · 2023: 87 · 2022: 77 · 2021: 78 · 2020: 76 · 2019: 65 · 2018: 56 · 2017: 56 · 2016: 40 · 2015: 37 · 2014: 51 · 2013: 40 · 2012: 34
FWCI
5.48
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Obesity Reviews (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • ANU Open Research (Australian National University) (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cancer Risks and Factors
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
Keywords
body mass index, dementia risk, midlife obesity, Alzheimer's disease, vascular dementia, obesity, overweight
MeSH terms
Age Factors, Alzheimer Disease, Dementia, Humans, Obesity, Prospective Studies, Risk Factors, Thinness, Dementia, Vascular, Comorbidity, Body Mass Index

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