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Home Blood Pressures Are of Greater Prognostic Value than Hemodialysis Unit Recordings
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Although ambulatory BP recordings are found to be superior to dialysis unit recordings in predicting outcomes, ambulatory BP are difficult to obtain in the day-to-day treatment of hemodialysis patients. Home BP agree well with ambulatory BP, but the prognostic significance of home BP recordings is unknown in hemodialysis patients. This study ascertained the role of home BP in predicting all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS, & MEASUREMENTS: A prospective cohort study was conducted in 150 patients who were on chronic hemodialysis dialyzing at four university-affiliated units. BP was self-measured at home for 1 wk, for an interdialytic interval by ambulatory recording, and by "routine" and standardized methods in the dialysis unit for 2 wk. Patients were followed for a median of 24 mo to assess the end points of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. RESULTS: Cardiovascular death occurred in 26 (17%) patients and death in 46 (31%) patients. A 1-SD increase in systolic BP increased the risk for death by 1.35 (95% CI 0.99 to 1.84) and in diastolic BP by 1.40 (95% CI 1.03 to 1.93) for home BP and between 0.97 to 1.19 (P > 0.20) for all-cause mortality for dialysis unit BP recording. A dose-response relationship between increasing quartiles of home BP and all-cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality was seen. CONCLUSIONS: Self-measured systolic BP of 125 to 145 mmHg and of 115 to 125 mmHg by ambulatory BP is associated with the best prognosis in hemodialysis patients.
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“Patients with CKD on haemodialysis are profoundly different from patients with CKD who are not on dialysis; this is so because of varying states of volume excess among patients and volume accumulation in the interdialytic period [204–206].”
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Cites
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Self-citationHome blood pressure monitoring improves the diagnosis of hypertension in hemodialysis patients
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Self-citationHome Blood Pressure Monitoring in CKD
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Akdağ, S., Cakmak, H., Tosu, A. R., Aşker, M., Yaman, M., Çeğin, M. B., Babat, N., Soyoral, Y. U., Gör, A. K., Gümrükçüoğlu, H. A., et al. (2015) · Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management · doi:10.2147/tcrm.s94889 · Cited by 15
“Compared to pre- or postdialysis BP measurements, ambulatory BP correlates better with all-cause mortality.(27) The 2013 guidelines from the European Society of Cardiology/European Society of Hypertension for the clinical management of primary HT in adults recommend that in those patients the results of home BP monito…”
Sarafidis, P. A., Theodorakopoulou, M. P., Loutradis, C., Iatridi, F., Alexandrou, M. E., Καρπέτας, Α., Koutroumpas, G., Raptis, V., Ferro, C. J., & Papagianni, A. A. (2021) · American Journal of Kidney Diseases · doi:10.1053/j.ajkd.2021.01.022 · Cited by 15
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“hour ambulatory BP samples the patient over a range of extracellular fluid volumes and uremic states, and therefore has a greater prognostic significance, and correlates better with endorgan damage, including LVH, than a single pre-dialysis BP measurement [22, 26].”
BackgroundOptimal blood pressure target and measurement in patients with chronic kidney disease
Kim, C., Choi, H.-S., Bae, E., Kim, S., & Ma, S. (2019) · The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine · doi:10.3904/kjim.2019.164 · Cited by 14
“In predicting clinical outcomes, a prospective cohort study performed in 150 patients undergoing chronic hemodialysis showed that HBPM was associated with a 40% to 63% higher rate of all-cause or cardiovascular mortality for a 1-standard deviation (SD) increment in diastolic BP [37].”
MethodBlood Pressure and Blood Volume: Acute and Chronic Considerations in Hemodialysis
Lewicki, M. C., Kerr, P. G., & Polkinghorne, K. R. (2012) · Seminars in Dialysis · doi:10.1111/sdi.12009 · Cited by 12
“In assessing the relationship between BP andCVoutcomes, ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) demonstrates the most robust correlation with CV endpoints followed closely by home BPmonitoring (29) and distantly by median intradialytic BP (30).”
BackgroundTsuruya, K., Kanda, E., Nomura, T., Iseki, K., & Hirakata, H. (2020) · Hypertension Research · doi:10.1038/s41440-020-0425-1 · Cited by 11
Georgianos, P. I., & Agarwal, R. (2019) · Seminars in Dialysis · doi:10.1111/sdi.12837 · Cited by 14
Self-citationBlood pressure in hemodialysis
Georgianos, P. I., & Agarwal, R. (2017) · Current Opinion in Nephrology & Hypertension · doi:10.1097/mnh.0000000000000359 · Cited by 15
“The first study incorporated data from 150 hemodialysis patients who had their BP assessed with the use of HBPM for 1 week, ABPM over an entire interdialytic interval as well as with routine predialysis andpostdialysis BP measurements over six consecutive dialysis treatments [6].”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialSelf-citationCastellano, S., Palomares, I., Molina, M., Pérez-García, R., Aljama, P., Ramos, R., & Merello, J. I. (2014) · Nefrología · doi:10.3265/nefrologia.pre2014.sep.12468 · Cited by 13
Borzych-Dużałka, D., Shroff, R., Ranchin, B., Zhai, Y., Paglialonga, F., Kari, J., Ahn, Y., Awad, H. S., Loza, R., Hooman, N., et al. (2024) · Kidney International Reports · doi:10.1016/j.ekir.2024.03.016 · Cited by 12
“22,23 The only independent risk factor for elevated 2hour MAP-SDS was HD versus HDF use, which increased the risk by more than 2-fold.”
Challenges in Blood Pressure Measurement in Patients Treated With Maintenance Hemodialysis
Roberts, M. A., Pilmore, H., Tonkin, A. M., Garg, A. X., Pascoe, E. M., Badve, S. V., Cass, A., Ierino, F. L., & Hawley, C. M. (2012) · American Journal of Kidney Diseases · doi:10.1053/j.ajkd.2012.04.026 · Cited by 14
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“Several lines of evidence suggest that in hemodialysis patients 48-h BP recordings over the intra-and interdialytic interval display stronger associations with adverse outcomes [16 ,17 ].”
BackgroundPanagiotakos, D. B., Antza, C., & Kotsis, V. (2023) · Journal of Hypertension · doi:10.1097/hjh.0000000000003557 · Cited by 27
Prevalence and control of hypertension among patients on haemodialysis
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“Most importantly, prospective cohort studies have shown that contrary to the U-shaped association of peridialytic BP with mortality, home BP recordings provide a direct mortality risk signal.(7) Despite the evidence supporting the superiority of home BP monitoring (HBPM), adoption of this method in the management of h…”
ResultBoggia, J. G., Silvariño, R., Luzardo, L., & Noboa, O. A. (2014) · Hypertension Research · doi:10.1038/hr.2014.82 · Cited by 11
Comparison of Dialysis Unit and Home Blood Pressures: An Observational Cohort Study
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“It is remarkable that elevated blood pressure is associated with a high cardiovascular morbidity rate and a high all-cause cardiovascular mortality rate in dialysis patients [3 – 5].”
BackgroundGeorgianos, P. I., Vaios, V., Zebekakis, P. E., & Liakopoulos, V. (2021) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm10112232 · Cited by 9
“These observations are in line with the results of 2 separate cohort studies showing that the timing or the technique of BP measurement inserts variation in the prognostic association of BP with mortality in the ESRD population [9,10].”
BackgroundMethodResultInfluentialGeorgianos, P. I., Vaios, V., Eleftheriadis, T., Zebekakis, P. E., & Liakopoulos, V. (2020) · Current Vascular Pharmacology · doi:10.2174/1570161118666200403142451 · Cited by 12
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“Elevated pre-HD SBP was associated with the occurrence of de novo cardiac failure, coronary artery disease and left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), while actually lower SBP was associated with increased mortality [6].”
BackgroundInfluentialAgarwal, R. (2012) · Journal of the American Society of Hypertension · doi:10.1016/j.jash.2012.08.009 · Cited by 4
“E-mail: ragarwal@iupui.edu 1933-1711/$ - see front matter Published by Elsevier Inc on behalf of http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jash.2012.08.009 a risk ratio of 2.62 compared with a reference blood pressure of 140–149 mm Hg.2 In contrast, non–cardiac-related cause of death was associated with a risk ratio of 1.55 when th…”
BackgroundInfluentialSelf-citationInterdialytic Blood Pressure and Risk of Cardiovascular Events and Death in Hemodialysis Patients
Lima, J. J. G. D., Gowdak, L. H. W., Reusing, J. O., David‐Neto, E., & Bortolotto, L. A. (2023) · High Blood Pressure & Cardiovascular Prevention · doi:10.1007/s40292-023-00575-4 · Cited by 8
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Epidemiology of nursing home dialysis patients—A hidden population
Bellin, E. Y., Hellebrand, A. M., Kaplan, S. M., Ledvina, J. G., Markis, W. T., Levin, N. W., & Kaufman, A. M. (2021) · Hemodialysis International · doi:10.1111/hdi.12943 · Cited by 8
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Doulton, T. W. R., Swift, P. A., Murtaza, A., & Dasgupta, I. (2020) · Seminars in Dialysis · doi:10.1111/sdi.12880 · Cited by 12
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“One study found that home BP levels were significantly lower than those measured in the dialysis unit in the same subjects [46].”
BackgroundResultInfluentialEvaluation and Treatment of Hypertension in End-Stage Renal Disease Patients on Hemodialysis
Buren, P. N. V. (2016) · Current Cardiology Reports · doi:10.1007/s11886-016-0805-y · Cited by 14
Hypertension Management in Transition: From CKD to ESRD
Valika, A. K., & Peixoto, A. J. (2016) · Advances in Chronic Kidney Disease · doi:10.1053/j.ackd.2016.02.002 · Cited by 11
Pharmacologic Treatment of Hypertension in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease
Talreja, H., Ruzicka, M., & McCormick, B. B. (2013) · American Journal of Cardiovascular Drugs · doi:10.1007/s40256-013-0009-4 · Cited by 10
“With the unreliability of dialysis unit readings, home BP measurements should be encouraged as they are of greater prognostic value than dialysis unit readings [103].”
BackgroundInterdialytic Hypertension—An Update
Agarwal, R. (2011) · Advances in Chronic Kidney Disease · doi:10.1053/j.ackd.2010.10.001 · Cited by 9
“Although the exact threshold of diagnosis of hypertension is uncertain, systolic BP of$130 mmHg recorded by average 44-hour ambulatory systolic BP and $140 mm Hg by home BP (recorded 3 times daily for 1 week) are associated with poor outcomes.(10) Thus, interdialytic ambulatory systolic BP of $130 mm Hg or home BP $14…”
BackgroundResultSelf-citationThe Challenges of Blood Pressure Control in Dialysis Patients.
Campese, V., & Lakdawala, R. (2015) · Recent advances in cardiovascular drug discovery · doi:10.2174/1574890110666151116144725 · Cited by 8
Doulton, T., Adam, M., Durman, K., Fan, S. L., Forbes, A., Jenkinson, E., Mallindine, C., McCafferty, K., Sinha, M. D., Stewart, D., et al. (2025) · BMC Nephrology · doi:10.1186/s12882-025-04451-2 · Cited by 8
Lung Ultrasound Guided Management of Pulmonary Congestion in Hemodialysis
Kaysi, S., Hamad, A., Boulgheraif, A., Bonkain, F., Libertalis, M., Ayyach, A. A., Baz, M., Farah, I., Ibrahim, R., Ateya, H., et al. (2025) · Kidney360 · doi:10.34067/kid.0000000873 · Cited by 7
“29,30 Interdialytic ambulatory BP measurement is the gold standard for evaluating the BP status of hemodialysis patients and guiding their management.”
Iatridi, F., Theodorakopoulou, M. P., Καρπέτας, Α., Bikos, A., Karagiannidis, A. G., Alexandrou, M. E., Tsouchnikas, I., Mayer, C. C., Haidich, A., Papagianni, A. A., et al. (2022) · Journal of Nephrology · doi:10.1007/s40620-021-01205-9 · Cited by 8
“A previous study in 150 hemodialysis patients [26] examined the association of pre- and post-dialysis BP, home BP readings performed over 1 week using a validated oscillometric device and 44-h BP with cardiovascular and all-cause mortality over a median of 24 months.”
Method[Fluid overload and arterial hypertension in hemodialysis patients].
Arkouche, W., Giaime, P., & Mercadal, L. (2013) · Néphrologie & Thérapeutique · doi:10.1016/j.nephro.2013.04.004 · Cited by 7
The lingering dilemma of arterial pressure in CKD: what do we know, where do we go?
Agarwal, R., Martínez‐Castelao, A., Więcek, A., Massy, Z. A., Süleymanlar, G., Ortíz, A., Blankestijn, P. J., Covic, A. C., Dekker, F. W., Jager, K. J., et al. (2011) · Kidney International Supplements · doi:10.1038/kisup.2011.1 · Cited by 8
Self-citationGulin, M., Klarić, D., Ilic, M., Radić, J., Kovacic, V., & Šain, M. (2017) · Blood Purification · doi:10.1159/000474931 · Cited by 6
Agarwal, R. (2016) · Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation · doi:10.1093/ndt/gfw281 · Cited by 6
“When comparing different BP measurements and outcomes, a similar approach has been adopted by us and others [17, 18].”
Self-citationEleftheriadis, T., Kartsios, C., Pissas, G., Liakopoulos, V., Antoniadi, G., Galaktidou, G., & Stefanidis, I. (2013) · Therapeutic apheresis and dialysis · doi:10.1111/j.1744-9987.2012.01135.x · Cited by 6
“Due to adherence of our unit to aggressive control of extracellular fluid and dietary sodium intake (29) in order to achieve a self-measured systolic blood pressure of 125 to 145 mmHg (30), only three of the 30 patients enrolled into the study were receiving anti-hypertensive medications.”
BackgroundHome blood pressure monitoring in children, pregnancy, and chronic kidney disease
Kollias, A., Shennan, A., Agarwal, R., Ntineri, A., & Stergiou, G. S. (2020) · Updates in Hypertension and Cardiovascular Protection · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-23065-4_13 · Cited by 5
Self-citationI Brazilian guideline on hypertension in dialysis of the Brazilian Society of Nephrology
Rodrigues, C. I. S., Filho, S. R. F., Moura, A. F., Poli‐de‐Figueiredo, C. E., da Silva, D. R., Gorayeb-Polacchini, F. S., de Almeida, F. A., Pinheiro, M. E., Bezerra, R., de Paula, R. B., et al. (2025) · Brazilian Journal of Nephrology · doi:10.1590/2175-8239-jbn-2024-0033en · Cited by 5
“In HD patients, ABPM and HBPM have shown a better correlation with target organ damage, CV events, and death from any cause 100,101,104 .”
Chen, T., Zhao, W., Pei, Q.-Q., Chen, Y.-R., Yin, J.-M., Zhang, M., Wang, C., & Zheng, J. (2024) · JMIR mHealth and uHealth · doi:10.2196/53355 · Cited by 5
“Elevated BP levels measured outside the dialysis unit demonstrated better prognostic capacity for adverse cardiovascular events and mortality compared to measurements taken within the dialysis unit [8-10].”
BackgroundWhich blood pressure metrics should be used in patients on dialysis?
Jung, J. Y. (2023) · Kidney Research and Clinical Practice · doi:10.23876/j.krcp.23.126 · Cited by 7
“…the number of ABP measurements is performed more frequently but also that it can reflect a wider range of situations and activities in www.krcp-ksn.org the patient’s living environment related to dialysis so that the patient’s general BP burden can be more accurately reflected [16,18,20,22,48].”
BackgroundInfluentialBlood Pressure and Mortality in the 4D Study
Yazdani, B., Kleber, M. E., Delgado, G. E., Yücel, G., Asgari, A., Gerken, A. L. H., Daschner, C., Ayasse, N., März, W., Wanner, C., et al. (2023) · Kidney & Blood Pressure Research · doi:10.1159/000533136 · Cited by 5
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“While time-averaged interdialytic blood pressure (BP) measurements provide the best information to assess end-organ damage and mortality from hypertension [1], ongoing changes in ECV, vasoconstriction and BP itself during and between HD treatments make it difficult to recognize the independent impact chronic ECV overl…”
BackgroundGeorgianos, P. I., & Agarwal, R. (2020) · Current Vascular Pharmacology · doi:10.2174/1570161118666200317151000 · Cited by 5
Self-citationShah, S., Swartz, S. J., Campbell, J., & Srivaths, P. (2019) · Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, West) · doi:10.1007/s00467-019-04208-8 · Cited by 5
Antihypertensive Agents in the Dialysis Patient
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“Patients We recruited patients over 18-years-old when (1) they had been on HD for at least 3 months (2); they were non-hypotension prone (3); they had no advanced heart failure (New York Heart Association III to IV stages) or permanent atrial fibrillation, liver disease, neoplastic illness, ascites or overt edema and…”
MethodHypertension in Pediatric Dialysis Patients: Etiology, Evaluation, and Management
Munshi, R., & Flynn, J. T. (2018) · Current Hypertension Reports · doi:10.1007/s11906-018-0857-z · Cited by 6
Hypertension in the Hemodialysis Patient.
Hommos, M. S., & Schinstock, C. (2016) · Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology · doi:10.1007/5584_2016_88 · Cited by 5
Yoon, I.-C., Choi, H.-M., & Oh, D. (2016) · The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine · doi:10.3904/kjim.2015.278 · Cited by 4
“Ambulatory BP is best correlated with echocardiographic left ventricular hypertrophy and all-cause mortality compared to dialysis unit BP measurements [7,8].”
BackgroundTime points for obtaining representative values of 24-hour blood pressure in chronic kidney disease
Ryu, J., Cha, R., Kim, D. K., Lee, J. H., Yoon, S. A., Ryu, D., Oh, J., Kim, S., Han, S. Y., Lee, E. Y., et al. (2015) · The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine · doi:10.3904/kjim.2015.30.5.665 · Cited by 5
“Although several studies have suggested the usefulness of HBPM, few have recommended specific time points for HBPM measurements; some studies suggested that BP measurements should be performed more than twice during the day, on several consecutive days, and during the morning and night, but these studies did not provi…”
BackgroundWhat are the Consequences of Volume Expansion in Chronic Dialysis Patients?
Agarwal, R. (2015) · Seminars in dialysis · doi:10.1111/sdi.12349 · Cited by 5
Self-citationDuval-Sabatier, A., Brunet, P., Seck, S. M., Haddad, F., Giaime, P., Ramananarivo, P., Bouchouareb, D., & Berland, Y. (2011) · Néphrologie & Thérapeutique · doi:10.1016/j.nephro.2011.03.012 · Cited by 4
Palomo-Piñón, S., Enciso-Muñoz, J. M., Meaney, E., Díaz-Domínguez, E., Cardona-Muller, D., Pérez, F., Cantoral-Farfán, E., Anda-Garay, J., Mijangos-Chávez, J., Antonio-Villa, N., et al. (2024) · BMC Nephrology · doi:10.1186/s12882-023-03450-5 · Cited by 4
“Finally, Alborzi et al. associated HBPM with CVD mortality and all-cause mortality [62].”
Home Pulse Pressure Predicts Death and Cardiovascular Events in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients
Panuccio, V. A., Provenzano, P. F., Tripepi, R., Versace, M. C., Parlongo, G., Politi, E., Vilasi, A. D., Mezzatesta, S., Abelardo, D., Tripepi, G. L., et al. (2023) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm12123904 · Cited by 4
“Most importantly, it shows a direct and linear association with mortality and cardiovascular outcomes [31,34,35] and a predictive power for death and cardiovascular outcomes, which overcomes that of pre- and post-dialysis measurements [31,34–37].”
BackgroundTwo-Day ABPM-Derived Indices and Mortality in Hemodialysis Patients
Viazzi, F. C., Cappadona, F., Leoncini, G., Ratto, E., Gonnella, A., Bonino, B., Verzola, D., Garibotto, G., & Pontremoli, R. (2019) · American Journal of Hypertension · doi:10.1093/ajh/hpz166 · Cited by 8
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Clinical practice guidelines for the provision of renal service in Hong Kong: Haemodialysis
Cheng, Y.-L., Tang, H., & Tong, M. (2019) · Nephrology · doi:10.1111/nep.13498 · Cited by 4
“In contrast to pre- and post-dialysis BP, self-measured home BP correlates well with clinical outcomes.(82,83)”
BackgroundShin, J.-H., Yeo, S., Hong, J.-Y., Hwang, J., & Kim, S. H. (2018) · Journal of the American Society of Hypertension : JASH · doi:10.1016/j.jash.2018.06.011 · Cited by 4
The internist's role in treating hypertension in hemodialysis patients.
Hirsch, S. (2009) · QJM : monthly journal of the Association of Physicians · doi:10.1093/qjmed/hcp045 · Cited by 4
“found that lower systolic blood pressures––125 to 145 mmHg––in the interdialytic period were associated with the best outcomes.(6) This prospective cohort study, following 150 patients for 2 years, also found that interdialytic measurements were more closely related to prognosis than dialysisassociated values.”
BackgroundInfluentialResponse to ‘The long forgotten salt factor’
Davenport, A. (2008) · doi:10.1038/ki.2008.366 · Cited by 4
Huart, J., Vanderweckene, P., Seidel, L., Bovy, C., Delanaye, P., Dubois, B., Grosch, S., Xhignesse, P., Saint‐Remy, A., Krzesinski, J.-M., et al. (2024) · Acta cardiologica. Supplementum · doi:10.1080/00015385.2024.2436811 · Cited by 3
“…a more comprehensive view of interdi-alytic BP patterns and allows the identification of nocturnal HTN and non-dipping which are more frequent in HD patients [28,29]. iABPM correlates also better in the literature with LVH [30] and with all-cause mortality [31], which aligns with our results.”
Theodorakopoulou, M. P., Georgiou, A., Iatridi, F., Karkamani, E., Stamatiou, A., Devrikis, N., Karagiannidis, A. G., Baroutidou, A., & Sarafidis, P. A. (2024) · Hypertension Research · doi:10.1038/s41440-024-01584-z · Cited by 3
“…awake ambulatory BP readings have been shown to have generally similar prognostic signi fi cance for adverse events and mortality with 44-h ABPM [11, 30, 31], but longitudinal studies comparing directly the prognostic power of ABPM recordings during the whole 48-h or the separate 24-h periods…”
Effect of Improving Volume Overload on Home Blood Pressure Variability in Hemodialysis Patients
Chen, Z., Liu, J., Sun, F., Shen, Y., Ma, L.-J., & Zhou, Y.-L. (2020) · Therapeutic apheresis and dialysis · doi:10.1111/1744-9987.13427 · Cited by 3
The influence of time point of blood pressure measurement on the outcome in hemodialysis patients
Han, Y., & Liu, B. (2016) · Journal of the American Society of Hypertension · doi:10.1016/j.jash.2016.10.011 · Cited by 3
Obi, Y., Zhang, Y.-X., Tio, M., Yen, T. E., Wells, C. C., Hall, M., Dossabhoy, N., Chandra, S., & Shafi, T. (2025) · Kidney Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.xkme.2025.101192 · Cited by 2
Theodorakopoulou, M. P., Alexandrou, M. E., Iatridi, F., Καρπέτας, Α., Geladari, V., Pella, E., Alexiou, S., Sidiropoulou, M., Ziakka, S., Papagianni, A. A., et al. (2022) · International Urology and Nephrology · doi:10.1007/s11255-022-03369-0 · Cited by 2
“LVH) [8, 9, 37], compared to peridialytic metrics.”
Czerpak, K. R. F., Vergara, E. G., Barril, G., Pérez‐Fernández, E., Benavides, N., de la Flor, J. C., Méndez, Á., & Martín, R. (2021) · Nefrología (English Edition) · doi:10.1016/j.nefroe.2020.06.019 · Cited by 2
Home blood pressure–guided antihypertensive therapy in chronic kidney disease: more data are needed
Georgianos, P. I., Champidou, E., Liakopoulos, V., Balaskas, E. V., & Zebekakis, P. E. (2018) · Journal of the American Society of Hypertension · doi:10.1016/j.jash.2018.02.002 · Cited by 4
Hypertension in hemodialysis patients: the role of antihypertensive medications.
Miskulin, D., & Zager, P. (2009) · American Journal of Kidney Diseases · doi:10.1053/j.ajkd.2009.08.002 · Cited by 2
Better blood pressure control is not causally linked to intradialytic hypotension.
Agarwal, R. (2008) · Kidney International · doi:10.1038/ki.2008.44 · Cited by 2
Self-citationHome (Self) Monitoring of Blood Pressure
Parati, G., & Ochoa, J. E. (2015) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-22771-9_2 · Cited by 3
Home Blood Pressure Monitoring in Hypertension
Parati, G., Ochoa, J. E., & Bilo, G. (2012) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-88-470-2601-8_9 · Cited by 2
“Indeed, several studies in ESRD have found HBPM to be prognostically superior than OBPM in predicting left ventricular hypertrophy [34], and all-cause and CV mortality [38, 39].”
BackgroundLin, N.-H., Hsu, R.-Y., Hsieh, M., Chan, C., Chuang, S., Liao, C.-C., Cheng, H.-M., & Wu, C.-C. (2025) · Hypertension Research · doi:10.1038/s41440-025-02450-2 · Cited by 1
“Home BP monitoring offers a more feasible and patient-friendly alternative to ambulatory BP monitoring, with improved reproducibility and stronger prognostic value [7, 8].”
Jiang, L., Jing, R., Zhu, Y., Pan, L., Yang, B., Ran, X., Ran, Y., Ding, H., Yang, J., & Wu, S. (2025) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0330038 · Cited by 2
“[40,41] HBPM and ABPM offer a more comprehensive and continuous assessment of BP, capturing fluctuations that may be missed by predialysis measurements.”
Leonidou, K., Kontogiorgos, I., Kourtidou, C., Georgianou, E., Rafailidis, V. D., Roumeliotis, S. K., Leivaditis, K., Balaskas, E. V., Liakopoulos, V., & Georgianos, P. I. (2025) · Life · doi:10.3390/life15081290 · Cited by 1
I Diretriz Brasileira de hipertensão arterial na diálise da Sociedade Brasileira de Nefrologia
Rodrigues, C. I. S., Filho, S. R. F., Moura, A. F., Poli‐de‐Figueiredo, C. E., da Silva, D. R., Gorayeb-Polacchini, F. S., de Almeida, F. A., Pinheiro, M. E., Bezerra, R., de Paula, R. B., et al. (2025) · Brazilian Journal of Nephrology · doi:10.1590/2175-8239-jbn-2024-0033pt · Cited by 1
Apparently Resistant Hypertension in Polish Hemodialyzed Population: Prevalence and Risk Factors
Symonides, B., Lewandowski, J., Marcinkowski, W., Zawierucha, J., Prystacki, T., & Małyszko, J. (2023) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm12165407 · Cited by 4
“Interdialytic BP measurements, compared with peridialytic recordings, correlate better with target organ damage [30] and are a better predictor of all-cause mortality [31,32].”
BackgroundHypertension in Patients Receiving Dialysis: A Review of the Current Clinical Approach
Rowan, C., Mahony, S., & Redahan, L. (2023) · EMJ Nephrology · doi:10.33590/emjnephrol/10105805 · Cited by 2
“2,3 Much of the research on hypertension has focused on the non-dialysis population, but there are essential differences in the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and management of hypertension in patients receiving dialysis.”
BackgroundCheung, A. K., Chang, T. I., Cushman, W. C., Furth, S. L., Ix, J. H., Pecoits‐Filho, R., Perkovic, V., Sarnak, M. J., Tobe, S. W., Tomson, C., et al. (2019) · Kidney International · doi:10.1016/j.kint.2018.12.025 · Cited by 74
Patient-Centered Approach for Hypertension Management in End-Stage Kidney Disease: Art or Science?
Gosmanova, E. O., & Kovesdy, C. P. (2018) · Seminars in Nephrology · doi:10.1016/j.semnephrol.2018.05.006 · Cited by 2
Blood pressure and target-organ damage in hemodialysis
Georgianos, P. I., Vaios, V., Liakopoulos, V., & Zebekakis, P. E. (2017) · Journal of Hypertension · doi:10.1097/hjh.0000000000001553 · Cited by 2
Ago, R., Nakashima, A., Naito, T., Doi, S., Ochiai, M., Hamaguchi, N., Yokoyama, Y., Tanaka, J., Yorioka, N., Masaki, T., et al. (2012) · Clinical and Experimental Nephrology · doi:10.1007/s10157-012-0639-x · Cited by 1
“They also reported that ABP and home BP were associated more closely with allcause mortality and CVD mortality than clinic BP in HD patients [11].”
BackgroundFukuhara, C., Kaneshige, C., Akiyama, K., Kobayashi, E., Irie, Y., & Satoh, N. (2012) · doi:10.3999/jscpt.43.387 · Cited by 1
Czerpak, K. R. F., Vergara, E. G., Barril, G., Pérez‐Fernández, E., Benavides, N., de la Flor, J. C., Méndez, Á., & Martín, R. (2020) · Nefrología · doi:10.1016/j.nefro.2020.06.005 · Cited by 2
Chen, S., Wu, Z., Zhang, S., Zhou, J., & Chen, W. (2026) · Blood Pressure Monitoring · doi:10.1097/mbp.0000000000000810
Assessing the reliability of self-reported home blood pressure measurements in dialysis patients
Bezerra, R., Feitosa, A., Barbosa, R., Aguiar, F. C., Passos, R. H., Moura, A. F., Moura-Neto, J., Sposito, A., & Nadruz, W. (2025) · JN. Journal of Nephrology (Milano. 1992) · doi:10.1007/s40620-025-02324-3
Hypertension in Hemodialysis Patients
Abramovitz, B., & Nemecek, B. D. (2025) · Nephrology Self-Assessment Program · doi:10.58483/nsap.00562024
Home versus routine dialysis-unit blood pressure recordings among patients on hemodialysis
Leonidou, K., Georgianos, P. I., Κόλλιας, Α., Kontogiorgos, I., Vaios, V., Leivaditis, K., Karligkiotis, A., Stamellou, E., Balaskas, E. V., Stergiou, G. S., et al. (2025) · Journal of Human Hypertension · doi:10.1038/s41371-025-01007-7 · Cited by 1
Kontogiorgos, I., Georgianos, P. I., Tsikliras, N., Leonidou, K., Vaios, V., Roumeliotis, S. K., Καρπέτας, Α., Kantartzi, K. M., Panagoutsos, S. A., & Liakopoulos, V. (2024) · Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis · doi:10.1111/1744-9987.14142 · Cited by 1
“Similarly, each 1-SD higher ambulatory systolic BP was associated with a 46% higher all-cause death risk (HR: 1.46; 95% CI: 1.09 – 1.94) [ 17].”
InfluentialHypertension in Patients on Hemodialysis: Looking Beyond Stable Sessions
Jamboti, J., & Anupama, Y. (2024) · Indian Journal of Kidney Diseases · doi:10.4103/ijkd.ijkd_10_24
Shamy, O. E. (2023) · Nephrology Self-Assessment Program · doi:10.58483/nsap.00372022
Metadata
- Authors
- Alborzi, P., Patel, N., & Agarwal, R.
- Affiliations
- Richard L. Roudebush VA Medical Center (US)
- Corresponding author
- Agarwal, Rajiv
- ORCID
- Agarwal, Rajiv
- Venue
- Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology
- Published
- 2007-11
- Volume
- 2
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 1228-1234
- ISSN
- 1555-9041 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2128457806
- Cited by
- 248
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 15 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 16 · 2019: 16 · 2018: 15 · 2017: 16 · 2016: 24 · 2015: 14 · 2014: 11 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 18
- FWCI
- 6.95
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (5t32dk062711-05)
- U.S. Public Health Service (5R01-063020)
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (5T32DK062711)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Blood Pressure and Hypertension Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Nephrology › Dialysis and Renal Disease Management
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Health and Disease Prevention
- Keywords
- home blood pressure, hemodialysis, ambulatory blood pressure monitoring, cardiovascular mortality, all-cause mortality, prognostic value, self-measured blood pressure, interdialytic interval, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, dose-response relationship
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Blood Pressure Determination, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Renal Dialysis, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Prognosis, Prospective Studies, Self Care, Cohort Studies, Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory
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