Cerebral Microbleeds as a Biomarker in Alzheimer’S Disease? A Review in The Field
Abstract
Cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) are a marker of small vessel disease, increasingly recognized as being of importance in the Alzheimer's disease (AD) process. CMBs influence in AD, and its longitudinal impact on disease progression is however still unknown. CMBs show several associations with AD across studies, are associated with decreased cerebrospinal fluid amyloid levels and are related with the ApoE ϵ4 allele, as well as other imaging manifestations typical for small vessel disease. CMBs, in addition to other markers of small vessel disease, are important to discover further in order to discern possible AD phenotypes.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The broad range of detection of microbleeds could likely be attributed to the magnet field strength, with clinical strength 1.5 and 3T magnets likely underestimating the incidence of microbleeds compared with the research-grade 7T magnet.
“This broad range of detection could likely be attributed to the magnet field strength, with clinical strength 1.5 and 3T magnets likely underestimating the incidence of microbleeds compared with the research-grade 7T magnet (83, 246, 452, 530, 604, 669).”
From Blood-Brain Barrier: From Physiology to Disease and Back (2019) · cites this paper as [530]
Cites
Gorelick, P. B., Scuteri, A., Black, S. E., DeCarli, C., Greenberg, S. M., Iadecola, C., Launer, L. J., Laurent, S., Lopez, O. L., Nyenhuis, D., et al. (2011) · Stroke · doi:10.1161/str.0b013e3182299496 · Cited by 3,811 · see citing works
Cerebral microbleeds: a guide to detection and interpretation
Greenberg, S. M., Vernooij, M. W., Cordonnier, C., Viswanathan, A., Al-Shahi Salman, R., Warach, S., Launer, L. J., Van Buchem, M. A., & Breteler, M. M. (2009) · The Lancet Neurology · doi:10.1016/s1474-4422(09)70013-4 · Cited by 1,798 · see citing works
Alzheimer disease and cerebrovascular pathology: an update
Jellinger, K. A. (2002) · Journal of Neural Transmission · doi:10.1007/s007020200068 · Cited by 680 · see citing works
Charidimou, A., Gang, Q., & Werring, D. J. (2012) · Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry · doi:10.1136/jnnp-2011-301308 · Cited by 611 · see citing works
Ellis, R. J., Olichney, J. M., Thal, L. J., Mirra, S. S., Morris, J. C., Beekly, D., & Heyman, A. (1996) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.46.6.1592 · Cited by 561 · see citing works
Sperling, R., Salloway, S., Brooks, D. J., Tampieri, D., Barakos, J., Fox, N. C., Raskind, M., Sabbagh, M., Honig, L. S., Porsteinsson, A. P., et al. (2012) · The Lancet Neurology · doi:10.1016/s1474-4422(12)70015-7 · Cited by 512 · see citing works
Jeerakathil, T., Wolf, P. A., Beiser, A., Hald, J. K., Au, R., Kase, C. S., Massaro, J. M., & DeCarli, C. (2004) · Stroke · doi:10.1161/01.str.0000131809.35202.1b · Cited by 319 · see citing works
Cerebral microbleeds: histopathological correlation of neuroimaging
Shoamanesh, A., Kwok, C. S., & Benavente, O. (2011) · Cerebrovascular Diseases · doi:10.1159/000331466 · Cited by 258 · see citing works
Cerebral microbleeds, retinopathy, and dementia: The AGES-Reykjavik Study
Qiu, C., Cotch, M. F., Sigurdsson, S., Jonsson, P. V., Jonsdottir, M. K., Sveinbjrnsdottir, S., Eiriksdottir, G., Klein, R., Harris, T. B., van Buchem, M. A., et al. (2010) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.0b013e3182020349 · Cited by 237 · see citing works
Power, M. C., Weuve, J., Gagne, J. J., McQueen, M. B., Viswanathan, A., & Blacker, D. (2011) · Epidemiology · doi:10.1097/ede.0b013e31822708b5 · Cited by 213 · see citing works
Kester, M. I., Goos, J. D. C., Teunissen, C. E., Benedictus, M. R., Bouwman, F. H., Wattjes, M. P., Barkhof, F., Scheltens, P., & van der Flier, W. M. (2014) · JAMA Neurology · doi:10.1001/jamaneurol.2014.754 · Cited by 161 · see citing works
Incidence of cerebral microbleeds in preclinical Alzheimer disease
Yates, P. A., Desmond, P. M., Phal, P. M., Steward, C., Szoeke, C., Salvado, O., Ellis, K. A., Martins, R. N., Masters, C. L., Ames, D., et al. (2014) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.0000000000000285 · Cited by 150 · see citing works
Shams, S., Martola, J., Granberg, T., Li, X., Shams, M., Fereshtehnejad, S. M., Cavallin, L., Aspelin, P., Kristoffersen-Wiberg, M., & Wahlund, L. O. (2015) · American Journal of Neuroradiology · doi:10.3174/ajnr.a4176 · Cited by 132 · see citing works
Self-citationIncreased Number of Microinfarcts in Alzheimer Disease at 7-T MR Imaging
van Rooden, S., Goos, J. D. C., van Opstal, A. M., Versluis, M. J., Webb, A. G., Blauw, G. J., van der Flier, W. M., Scheltens, P., Barkhof, F., van Buchem, M. A., et al. (2014) · Radiology · doi:10.1148/radiol.13130743 · Cited by 86 · see citing works
Prevalence of cortical superficial siderosis in a memory clinic population
Zonneveld, H. I., Goos, J. D. C., Wattjes, M. P., Prins, N. D., Scheltens, P., van der Flier, W. M., Kuijer, J. P. A., Muller, M., & Barkhof, F. (2014) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.0000000000000150 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
Prevalence of cortical superficial siderosis in patients with cognitive impairment
Wollenweber, F. A., Buerger, K., Mueller, C., Ertl-Wagner, B., Malik, R., Dichgans, M., Linn, J., & Opherk, C. (2014) · Journal of Neurology · doi:10.1007/s00415-013-7181-y · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Blood–brain barrier breakdown in Alzheimer disease and other neurodegenerative disorders
Sweeney, M. D., Sagare, A. P., & Zlokovic, B. V. (2018) · Nature Reviews Neurology · doi:10.1038/nrneurol.2017.188 · Cited by 3,076 · see citing works
Blood-Brain Barrier: From Physiology to Disease and Back
Sweeney, M. D., Zhao, Z., Montagne, A., Nelson, A. R., & Zlokovic, B. V. (2019) · Physiological Reviews · doi:10.1152/physrev.00050.2017 · Cited by 2,294 · see citing works
The role of brain vasculature in neurodegenerative disorders
Sweeney, M. D., Kisler, K., Montagne, A., Toga, A. W., & Zlokovic, B. V. (2018) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/s41593-018-0234-x · Cited by 998 · see citing works
Vascular dysfunction—The disregarded partner of Alzheimer's disease
Sweeney, M. D., Montagne, A., Sagare, A. P., Nation, D. A., Schneider, L. S., Chui, H. C., Harrington, M. G., Pa, J., Law, M., Wang, D. J. J., et al. (2019) · Alzheimer's & Dementia · doi:10.1016/j.jalz.2018.07.222 · Cited by 711 · see citing works
Alzheimer’s disease: A matter of blood–brain barrier dysfunction?
Montagne, A., Zhao, Z., & Zlokovic, B. V. (2017) · Journal of Experimental Medicine · doi:10.1084/jem.20171406 · Cited by 672 · see citing works
Basal lamina changes in neurodegenerative disorders
Nguyen, B., Bix, G., & Yao, Y. (2021) · Molecular Neurodegeneration · doi:10.1186/s13024-021-00502-y · Cited by 75 · see citing works
- Authors
- Shams, S., & Wahlund, L.-O.
- Affiliations
- Karolinska Institutet (SE)
- Karolinska University Hospital (SE)
- Venue
- Biomarkers in Medicine
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2015-12-07
- Volume
- 10
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 9-18
- ISSN
- 1752-0363 (ISSN-L)
- 1752-0371
- OpenAlex
- W2195401907
- Cited by
- 32
- References
- 16
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 1
- FWCI
- 0.64
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Biomarkers in Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- The Swedish Dementia Association and Stockholm County Council
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Neurology › Intracerebral and Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Neurology › Cerebrovascular and genetic disorders
- Keywords
- cerebral microbleeds, Alzheimer's disease, cerebral small vessel disease, biomarkers, cerebrospinal fluid amyloid, APOE ε4, disease progression, magnetic resonance imaging
- MeSH terms
- Alzheimer Disease, Apolipoproteins E, Cerebral Hemorrhage, Humans, Risk Factors, Biomarkers, Prevalence
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
