Structural Violence Perpetrated Against Indigenous Peoples in Canadian Criminal Courts: Meta- Analytic Evidence of Longstanding Sentencing Inequities
Open accessAbstract
Social justice entails opposing discrimination and working towards eliminating structuralviolence. The problem of overrepresentation of Indigenous peoples across Canada’s criminaljustice system, a site of structural violence, has persisted for decades. Most studies uncoveredthrough this review and meta-analysis indicated Indigenous disadvantage in criminal sentencing.Specifically, Indigenous peoples were at much greater risk of receiving punitive sentences thannon-Indigenous people. Additionally, the disparity was observed to be significantly greateramong women than men. This synthesis also elucidated the paucity of data and research relatedto Indigenous peoples’ involvement with the court system. Implications and future researchneeds are discussed.
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Systemic racism pervades Canada's institutions such as healthcare, education, and child-welfare system, and is especially present in the criminal justice system for adults and youth.
“Systemic racism pervades Canada's institutions such as healthcare, education, and child-welfare system (Trevethan & Maxwell, 2023). This is especially so of Canada's criminal justice system (both for adults and youth) (Alberton & Gorey, 2021; Brownell et al., 2022; Lee et al., 2018).”
From Colonization, Normalization and Risk-Assessment: The Case of Youth Criminal Justice Act and Correctional Overrepresentation of Indigenous Youth in Canada (2025) · cites this paper as Alberton & Gorey, 2021
Cites
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Jeffries, S., & Bond, C. E. W. (2012) · Journal of Ethnicity in Criminal Justice · doi:10.1080/15377938.2012.700830 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
The use of rapid review methods for the U.S. Preventive services task force
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Sittner, K. J., & Gentzler, K. C. (2016) · Journal of Developmental and Life-Course Criminology · doi:10.1007/s40865-016-0045-2 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
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Decolonizing Research on the Carceral in Canadian Political Science
Mussell, L. (2023) · Canadian Journal of Political Science · doi:10.1017/s0008423923000288 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
“, 2021; David and Mitchell, 2021), bail practices and pretrial detention (Myers and Ireland, 2021), racialized and gendered violence by police (Palmater, 2016), sentencing (Alberton et al., 2021), jury selections (Hogg, 2021) and higher rates of imprisonment, security classification and penal segregation (McGuire and…”
BackgroundBarmaki, R. (2025) · International Criminology · doi:10.1007/s43576-025-00170-8 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
- Authors
- Alberton, A. M., Gorey, K. M., Angell, G. B., & McCue, H. A.
- Affiliations
- Wichita State University (US)
- University of Windsor (CA)
- Venue
- Critical Social Work
- Publisher
- University of Windsor Leddy Library
- Published
- 2021-08-25
- Volume
- 22
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 2-22
- ISSN
- 1543-9372 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W3194254151
- Cited by
- 7
- References
- 4
- Citations by year
- 2025: 2 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 2
- FWCI
- 1.73
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- diamond
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Critical Social Work (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
- Scholarship at UWindsor (University of Windsor) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nd)
- Scholarship at UWindsor (University of Windsor) (submittedVersion)
- Scholarship at UWindsor (University of Windsor) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Criminal Justice and Corrections Analysis
- Social Sciences › Health › Indigenous Health, Education, and Rights
- Social Sciences › Law › Criminal Justice and Penology
- Keywords
- structural violence, indigenous peoples, sentencing, Indigenous disadvantage, indigenous women, social justice
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