The DOI matches its Crossref record.
Flunking Grades: Research and Policies on Retention
Abstract
A meta-analysis of research on grade retention, C.T.Holmes a review of research on kindergarten retention, L.A.Shepard academic and emotional effects of kindergarten in one school district, L.A.Shepard and M.L.Smith attitudes of parents, students and educators toward repeating a grade, D.Byrnes teachers' beliefs about retention, M.L.Smith ending school promotion in Waterford - appearance and reality, M.C.Ellwein and G.V.Glass repeating and dropping out of school, J.Grissom and L.A.Shepard alternatives to student retention - new images of the learner, the teacher and classroom learning, P.L.Peterson policy implications of retention research, E.House.
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Citations
Cited by
Blair, C. (2002) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/0003-066x.57.2.111 · Cited by 1,874
Dropping Out of Middle School: A Multilevel Analysis of Students and Schools
Rumberger, R. W. (1995) · American Educational Research Journal · doi:10.3102/00028312032003583 · Cited by 1,251
Meta-analysis of Grade Retention Research: Implications for Practice in the 21st Century
Jimerson, S. R. (2001) · School Psychology Review · doi:10.1080/02796015.2001.12086124 · Cited by 597
The Myth of the Texas Miracle in Education
Haney, W. (2000) · Education Policy Analysis Archives · doi:10.14507/epaa.v8n41.2000 · Cited by 482
Shepard, L. A. (1993) · Review of Research in Education · doi:10.2307/1167347 · Cited by 466
Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Wilson, M., Shepard, L. A., & Smith, M. L.
- Venue
- Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 1990
- Volume
- 12
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 228
- ISSN
- 0162-3737 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2049260400
- Cited by
- 478
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 162.08
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Flunking Grades: Research and Policies on Retention. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.2307/1163635
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- Wilson, M., Shepard, L. A., & Smith, M. L. (1990). Flunking Grades: Research and Policies on Retention. Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis. https://doi.org/10.2307/1163635
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
