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Cited by 509

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 1 of the 1 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Put to the Test: The Effects of External Testing on Teachers

Smith, Mary Lee·1991·Educational Researcher

Abstract

Evidence from an extensive qualitative study of the role of external testing in elementary schools led to propositions about the effects of such tests on teachers. Data from interviews revealed that teachers experience negative emotions as a result of the publication of test scores and determine to do what is necessary to avoid low scores. Teachers believe that scores are used against them, despite the perceived invalidity of the tests themselves. From classroom observations it was concluded that testing programs substantially reduce the time available for instruction, narrow curricular offerings and modes of instruction, and potentially reduce the capacities of teachers to teach content and to use methods and materials that are incompatible with standardized testing formats.

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Metadata

Authors
Smith, M. L.
Venue
Educational Researcher
Published
1991-06
Volume
20
Issue
5
Pages
8
ISSN
0013-189X (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2098820803
Cited by
509
References
1
FWCI
102.31
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed

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CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Put to the Test: The Effects of External Testing on Teachers. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.2307/1176396
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Smith, M. L. (1991). Put to the Test: The Effects of External Testing on Teachers. Educational Researcher. https://doi.org/10.2307/1176396

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Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.

Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.