How are Foreign Policy Attitudes Structured? A Hierarchical Model
Abstract
It has long been assumed that foreign-policy attitudes of the mass public are random, disorganized, and unconstrained if they exist at all. Further, foreign-policy thinking has not been found to be structured along standard ideological (liberal-conservative) lines, partisan lines, or class lines. We attempt to move the discussion from a question of whether foreign-policy attitudes are structured to a question of how they are structured. We propose and estimate (using a LISREL model) a hierarchically organized foreign-policy belief structure in which specific policy preferences are derived from postures ( broad, abstract beliefs regarding appropriate general governmental strategies). These postures, in turn, are assumed to be constrained by a set of core values about the international community .
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Individuals' political opinion is often organized in a coherent structure of attitudes in which domain-specific opinions are grounded in broader political beliefs such as ideology.
“In light of the schema theory, scholars of public opinion have posited that individuals' political opinion is often organized in a coherent structure of attitudes in which domain-specific opinions are grounded in a broader set of political beliefs (or”
From Do Search Algorithms Endanger Democracy? An Experimental Investigation of Algorithm Effects on Political Polarization (2020) · cites this paper as Hurwitz & Peffley, 1987
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How People Organize the Political World: A Schematic Model
Conover, P. J., & Feldman, S. (1984) · American Journal of Political Science · doi:10.2307/2110789 · Cited by 378 · see citing works
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Crossing the Water's Edge: Elite Rhetoric, Media Coverage, and the Rally-Round-the-Flag Phenomenon
Groeling, T., & Baum, M. A. (2008) · The Journal of Politics · doi:10.1017/s0022381608081061 · Cited by 243 · see citing works
Schwartz, S. H., Caprara, G. V., Vecchione, M., Bain, P., Bianchi, G., Caprara, M. G., Cieciuch, J., Kirmanoglu, H., Baslevent, C., Lönnqvist, J.-E., et al. (2014) · Political Behavior · doi:10.1007/s11109-013-9255-z · Cited by 239 · see citing works
Cho, J., Ahmed, S., Hilbert, M., Liu, B., & Luu, J. (2020) · Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media · doi:10.1080/08838151.2020.1757365 · Cited by 164 · see citing works
Influencing Myself: Self-Reinforcement Through Online Political Expression
Cho, J., Ahmed, S., Keum, H., Choi, Y. J., & Lee, J. H. (2018) · Communication Research · doi:10.1177/0093650216644020 · Cited by 116 · see citing works
The Social Dimension of Political Values
Connors, E. C. (2020) · Political Behavior · doi:10.1007/s11109-019-09530-3 · Cited by 113 · see citing works
- Authors
- Hurwitz, J., & Peffley, M.
- Affiliations
- University of Pittsburgh (US)
- University of Kentucky (US)
- ORCID
- Peffley, Mark
- Venue
- American Political Science Review
- Publisher
- Cambridge University Press (CUP)
- Published
- 1987-12
- Volume
- 81
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 1099-1120
- ISSN
- 0003-0554 (ISSN-L)
- 1537-5943
- OpenAlex
- W2053471255
- Cited by
- 807
- References
- 1
- Citations by year
- 2026: 19 · 2025: 39 · 2024: 26 · 2023: 19 · 2022: 33 · 2021: 16 · 2020: 37 · 2019: 84 · 2018: 23 · 2017: 35 · 2016: 31 · 2015: 30 · 2014: 30 · 2013: 22 · 2012: 43
- FWCI
- 43.79
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- American Political Science Review (publishedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Political Science and International Relations › International Relations and Foreign Policy
- Social Sciences › Political Science and International Relations › Electoral Systems and Political Participation
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Social and Intergroup Psychology
- Keywords
- foreign policy attitudes, public opinion, core values, international community, ideology, partisanship, class, policy preferences, structural equation modeling
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