Intentional Systems

Understanding Social Robots: Attribution of Intentional Agency to Artificial and Biological Bodies

Tom Ziemke, B. (2023) · Artificial Life · doi:10.1162/artl_a_00404 · Cited by 30

Realism, generality, or testability: The ecological modeler's dilemma

Smith, E. A. (1988) · Behavioral and Brain Sciences · doi:10.1017/s0140525x00053292 · Cited by 26

An Action Assembly Perspective on Social Skill

Greene, J. O., & Geddes, D. (1993) · Communication Theory · doi:10.1111/j.1468-2885.1993.tb00054.x · Cited by 26

Optimization theory: A too narrow path

Heyman, G. M. (1988) · Behavioral and Brain Sciences · doi:10.1017/s0140525x00053152 · Cited by 26

PersonaFlow: Designing LLM-Simulated Expert Perspectives for Enhanced Research Ideation

Liu, Y., Sharma, P., Oswal, M., Xia, H., & Huang, Y. (2025) · Designing Interactive Systems Conference · doi:10.1145/3715336.3735789 · Cited by 76

Popper’s Paradoxical Pursuit of Natural Philosophy

Maxwell, N. (2016) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cco9781139046503.007 · Cited by 25

Twenty Years Beyond the Turing Test: Moving Beyond the Human Judges Too

Hernández‐Orallo, J. (2020) · Minds and Machines · doi:10.1007/s11023-020-09549-0 · Cited by 28

The Intentional Stance Test-2: How to Measure the Tendency to Adopt Intentional Stance Towards Robots

Spatola, N., Marchesi, S., & Wykowska, A. (2021) · Frontiers in Robotics and AI · doi:10.3389/frobt.2021.666586 · Cited by 23

Bringing Together Ergonomic Concepts and Cognitive Mechanisms for Human—AI Agents Cooperation

Guillou, M. L., Prévot, L., & Berberian, B. (2022) · International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction · doi:10.1080/10447318.2022.2129741 · Cited by 34

When narrative takes over: The representation of embedded mindstates in Shakespeare’s Othello

van Duijn, M. J., Sluiter, I., & Verhagen, A. (2015) · Language and Literature International Journal of Stylistics · doi:10.1177/0963947015572274 · Cited by 24

What Are Nervous Systems For?

Fultot, M. F., Frazier, P. A., Turvey, M. T., & Carello, C. (2019) · Ecological Psychology · doi:10.1080/10407413.2019.1615205 · Cited by 25

Intentions with actions: The role of intentionality attribution on the vicarious sense of agency in Human–Robot interaction

Roselli, C., Ciardo, F., & Wykowska, A. (2021) · Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology · doi:10.1177/17470218211042003 · Cited by 24

Homunculi rule: Reflections on Darwinian populations and natural selection by Peter Godfrey Smith

Dennett, D. C. (2010) · Biology & Philosophy · doi:10.1007/s10539-010-9242-2 · Cited by 23

Information, inference and meaning in primate vocal behaviour

Fischer, J. (2013) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9781139003551.017 · Cited by 23

Adopting the Intentional Stance Towards Humanoid Robots

Pérez-Osorio, J., & Wykowska, A. (2019) · Wording Robotics · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-17974-8_10 · Cited by 17

Supporting command and control training functions in the emergency management domain using cognitive systems engineering

Ntuen, C. A., Balogun, O., Boyle, E., & Turner, A. (2006) · Ergonomics · doi:10.1080/00140130600613083 · Cited by 23

Thinking and Computing: Computers as Special Kinds of Signs

Fetzer, J. H. (1997) · Minds and Machines · doi:10.1023/a:1008230900201 · Cited by 23

Integrating Systems Thinking and Behavioural Science

Parkinson, J. A., Gould, A., Knowles, N., West, J., & Goodman, A. (2025) · Behavioral Sciences · doi:10.3390/bs15040403 · Cited by 24

A study in the cognition of individuals’ identity: Solving the problem of singular cognition in object and agent tracking

Bullot, N. J., & Rysiew, P. (2006) · Consciousness and Cognition · doi:10.1016/j.concog.2006.09.006 · Cited by 21

Rationality

Harman, G. H. (1999) · doi:10.1093/0198238029.003.0002 · Cited by 22

Fintech Agents: Technologies and Theories

Pal, A., Gopi, S., & Lee, K. M. (2023) · Electronics · doi:10.3390/electronics12153301 · Cited by 28

More Than You Expect: Priors Influence on the Adoption of Intentional Stance Toward Humanoid Robots

Pérez-Osorio, J., Marchesi, S., Ghiglino, D., et al. (2019) · Lecture notes in computer science · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-35888-4_12 · Cited by 22

Delusions and madmen: against rationality constraints on belief

Smithies, D., Lennon, P., & Samuels, R. J. (2022) · Synthese · doi:10.1007/s11229-022-03632-y · Cited by 21

Tool vs. agent: attributing agency to natural language generation systems

Henrickson, L. (2018) · Digital Creativity · doi:10.1080/14626268.2018.1482924 · Cited by 21

Conceptual pragmatism

Carruthers, P. (1987) · Synthese · doi:10.1007/bf00484740 · Cited by 21

Shape of the Uncanny Valley and Emotional Attitudes Toward Robots Assessed by an Analysis of YouTube Comments

Ratajczyk, D. (2022) · International Journal of Social Robotics · doi:10.1007/s12369-022-00905-x · Cited by 27

The missing self in scientific psychiatry

Tekin, Ş. (2017) · Synthese · doi:10.1007/s11229-017-1324-0 · Cited by 21

Antecedents, Manifestations, and Consequences of Belief in Mind–Body Dualism

Forstmann, M., & Burgmer, P. (2017) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-57306-9_8 · Cited by 19

Pragmatism and Reasons for Belief

Harman, G. H. (1999) · doi:10.1093/0198238029.003.0005 · Cited by 23

The Cambridge History of Philosophy, 1945–2015

(2019) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781316779651 · Cited by 21

Intentionality: Some Lessons from the History of the Problem from Brentano to the Present

Moran, D. (2013) · International Journal of Philosophical Studies · doi:10.1080/09672559.2013.812605 · Cited by 21

Wild chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes troglodytes) exploit tortoises (Kinixys erosa) via percussive technology

Pika, S., Klein, H., Bunel, S., Baas, P., Théleste, E., & Deschner, T. (2019) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-019-43301-8 · Cited by 20

Joint action with artificial agents: Human-likeness in behaviour and morphology affects sensorimotor signaling and social inclusion

Ciardo, F., Tommaso, D. D., & Wykowska, A. (2022) · Computers in Human Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.chb.2022.107237 · Cited by 21

Are Humans the Only Rational Animals?

Melis, G., & Monsó, S. (2023) · The Philosophical Quarterly · doi:10.1093/pq/pqad090 · Cited by 20

Presence and general principles of brain function

Sjölie, D. (2012) · Interacting with Computers · doi:10.1016/j.intcom.2012.04.004 · Cited by 20

Does Visual Perspective Matter in Imitation?

Sambrook, T. D. (1998) · Perception · doi:10.1068/p271461 · Cited by 20

Cognitive load increases anthropomorphism of humanoid robot. The automatic path of anthropomorphism.Preprint

Spatola, N., & Chaminade, T. (2021) · doi:10.31234/osf.io/kd4ge · Cited by 20

Argumentation Theory Without Presumptions

Lewiński, M. (2017) · Argumentation · doi:10.1007/s10503-017-9421-2 · Cited by 19

Refining the Inferential Model of Scientific Understanding

Newman, M. (2013) · International Studies in the Philosophy of Science · doi:10.1080/02698595.2013.813253 · Cited by 19

THE PHILOSOPHY OF AI AND THE AI OF PHILOSOPHY

McCarthy, J. (2008) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-444-51726-5.50022-4 · Cited by 24

Transmission of Acquired Information in Nonhuman Primates

Fischer, J. (2008) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-012370509-9.00055-3 · Cited by 19

Fun and Games in Fantasyland

Dennett, D. C. (2008) · Mind & Language · doi:10.1111/j.1468-0017.2007.00325.x · Cited by 19

Instrumental Intentionality

Baker, L. R. (1989) · Philosophy of Science · doi:10.1086/289489 · Cited by 19

What intuitions about homunculi don't show

Block, N. J. (1980) · Behavioral and Brain Sciences · doi:10.1017/s0140525x0000577x · Cited by 19

Psychologism, Folk Psychology and One's Own Case

Montgomery, R. (1987) · Journal for the Theory of Social Behaviour · doi:10.1111/j.1468-5914.1987.tb00095.x · Cited by 19

A republic for all sentients: Social freedom without free will

Paez, E. (2021) · Pacific philosophical quarterly · doi:10.1111/papq.12351 · Cited by 18

Trust Me on This One: Conforming to Conversational Assistants

Schreuter, D., van der Putten, P., & Lamers, M. H. (2021) · Minds and Machines · doi:10.1007/s11023-021-09581-8 · Cited by 19

Emotions in robot design

Pfeifer, R. (2002) · IEEE International Workshop on Robot and Human Communication (RO-MAN) · doi:10.1109/roman.1993.367683 · Cited by 18

Neuroscience, Embodiment, and Development

Marshall, P. J. (2015) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781118963418.childpsy107 · Cited by 20

Attributions of intent and moral responsibility to AI agents

Ayad, R., & Plaks, J. E. (2024) · Computers in Human Behavior Artificial Humans · doi:10.1016/j.chbah.2024.100107 · Cited by 23

Beyond different levels: embodiment and the developmental system

Marshall, P. J. (2014) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2014.00929 · Cited by 19

A Counterexample to Six Fundamental Principles of Belief Formation

Rott, H. (2004) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/1-4020-4094-6_2 · Cited by 17

Agent-Oriented Modeling and Agent-Based Simulation

Wagner, G., & Tulba, F. (2003) · Lecture notes in computer science · doi:10.1007/978-3-540-39597-3_20 · Cited by 17

Cognitive load affects early processes involved in mentalizing robot behaviour

Spatola, N., Marchesi, S., & Wykowska, A. (2022) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-022-19213-5 · Cited by 20

Robots, Dennett and the autonomous: a terminological investigation

Schmidt, C., & Kraemer, F. (2006) · Minds and Machines · doi:10.1007/s11023-006-9014-6 · Cited by 16

Investigating the Effects of Robotic Displays of Protest and Distress

Briggs, G., & Scheutz, M. J. (2012) · Lecture notes in computer science · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-34103-8_24 · Cited by 16

The Mind in the Machine: Mind Perception Modulates Gaze Aversion During Child–Robot Interaction

Desideri, L., Bonifacci, P., Croati, G., Dalena, A., Gesualdo, M., Molinario, G., Gherardini, A., Cesario, L., & Ottaviani, C. (2020) · International Journal of Social Robotics · doi:10.1007/s12369-020-00656-7 · Cited by 14

Concepts of Logical AI

McCarthy, J. (2000) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-1567-8_2 · Cited by 18

Multiple Personality and Personal Identity

Wilkes, K. V. (1981) · The British Journal for the Philosophy of Science · doi:10.1093/bjps/32.4.331 · Cited by 16

The functionalist reply (Ohio State)

Lycan, W. G. (1980) · Behavioral and Brain Sciences · doi:10.1017/s0140525x00005860 · Cited by 16

A Counterexample to Six Fundamental Principles of Belief Formation

Rott, H. (2004) · Synthese · doi:10.1023/b:synt.0000024914.61925.5b · Cited by 16

Reductionism and religion

Hofstadter, D. R. (1980) · Behavioral and Brain Sciences · doi:10.1017/s0140525x00005847 · Cited by 16

Communicative and Cognitive Underpinnings of Animal Group Movement

Fischer, J., & Zinner, D. P. (2010) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-15355-6_13 · Cited by 15

A Middleware for Managing Non-Functional Requirements in Cloud PaaS

Braubach, L., Jander, K., & Pokahr, A. (2014) · International Conference on Cloud and Autonomic Computing (ICCAC) · doi:10.1109/iccac.2014.32 · Cited by 15

Effects of cross-cultural language differences on social cognition during human-agent interaction in cooperative game environments

Bennett, C. C., Bae, Y., Yoon, J. H., Chae, Y., Yoon, E., Lee, S., Ryu, U., Kim, S., & Weiss, B. (2023) · Computer Speech and Language · doi:10.1016/j.csl.2023.101521 · Cited by 15

Intentionality in Interacting with Companion Systems – An Empirical Approach

Rösner, D., Friesen, R., Otto, M., Lange, J., Haase, M., & Frommer, J. (2011) · Lecture notes in computer science · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-21616-9_67 · Cited by 15

The Mark of the Cognitive and the Coupling-Constitution Fallacy: A Defense of the Extended Mind Hypothesis

Piredda, G. (2017) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2017.02061 · Cited by 15

Disagreement in Philosophy

Cappelen, H. (2017) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781316344118.005 · Cited by 20

“Failure to adjust”: Boston’s bid for the 2024 Olympics and the difficulties of learning Olympic wisdom

Kaßens-Noor, E. (2019) · Environment and Planning A Economy and Space · doi:10.1177/0308518x19857104 · Cited by 15

Why Animals Can't Act

Stoecker, R. (2009) · Inquiry · doi:10.1080/00201740902917135 · Cited by 15

On Wittgenstein on Cognitive Science

Proudfoot, D. (1997) · Philosophy · doi:10.1017/s0031819100056849 · Cited by 16

Philosophy of Action

Alvarez, M., & Hyman, J. (2019) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781316779651.010 · Cited by 14

Tasks for a theoretical psychology of emotion

Reisenzein, R. (2021) · Cognition & Emotion · doi:10.1080/02699931.2021.1992356 · Cited by 15

Type of Education Affects Individuals’ Adoption of Intentional Stance Towards Robots: An EEG Study

Roselli, C., Navare, U. P., Ciardo, F., & Wykowska, A. (2023) · International Journal of Social Robotics · doi:10.1007/s12369-023-01073-2 · Cited by 13

Mental Models of a Mobile Shoe Rack

Rueben, M., Klow, J., Duer, M., Zimmerman, E. M., Piacentini, J., Browning, M., Bernieri, F. J., Grimm, C. M., & Smart, W. D. (2021) · ACM Transactions on Human-Robot Interaction · doi:10.1145/3442620 · Cited by 14

Can Autonomous Agents Without Phenomenal Consciousness Be Morally Responsible?

Bernáth, L. (2021) · Philosophy & Technology · doi:10.1007/s13347-021-00462-7 · Cited by 16

Creative AI: Music Composition Programs as an Extension of the Composer’s Mind

Moruzzi, C. (2018) · Studies in applied philosophy, epistemology and rational ethics · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-96448-5_8 · Cited by 14

Semantic control systems

Joslyn, C. (1995) · World Futures · doi:10.1080/02604027.1995.9972555 · Cited by 14

On the Post‐Wittgensteinian Critique of the Concept of Action in Sociology

Porpora, D. V. (1983) · Journal for the Theory of Social Behaviour · doi:10.1111/j.1468-5914.1983.tb00467.x · Cited by 14

A Kantian Stance on the Intentional Stance

Ratcliffe, M. (2001) · Biology & Philosophy · doi:10.1023/a:1006710821443 · Cited by 14

How to turn an information processor into an understander

Sloman, A., & Croucher, M. (1980) · Behavioral and Brain Sciences · doi:10.1017/s0140525x00005999 · Cited by 14

Generative AI, Quadruple Deception & Trust

Simon, J. (2025) · Social Epistemology · doi:10.1080/02691728.2025.2491087 · Cited by 21

Cognitive Impact of Anthropomorphized Robot Gaze

Spatola, N., & Huguet, P. (2021) · ACM Transactions on Human-Robot Interaction · doi:10.1145/3459994 · Cited by 13

AI as Philosophical Ideology: A Critical look back at John McCarthy’s Program

Anderson, M. M. (2024) · Philosophy & Technology · doi:10.1007/s13347-024-00731-1 · Cited by 12

Interventionism for the Intentional Stance: True Believers and Their Brains

Eronen, M. I. (2017) · Topoi · doi:10.1007/s11245-017-9513-5 · Cited by 13

The Race Between Cognitive and Artificial Intelligence

Arora, A. S., & Arora, A. (2019) · International Journal of Intelligent Information Technologies · doi:10.4018/ijiit.2020010101 · Cited by 13

Mind the Eyes: Artificial Agents’ Eye Movements Modulate Attentional Engagement and Anthropomorphic Attribution

Ghiglino, D., Willemse, C., Tommaso, D. D., & Wykowska, A. (2021) · Frontiers in Robotics and AI · doi:10.3389/frobt.2021.642796 · Cited by 12

Decentralized minds

Minsky, M. (1980) · Behavioral and Brain Sciences · doi:10.1017/s0140525x00005914 · Cited by 13

Armchair Metaphysics Revisited

Jackson, F. (2017) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781316344118.008 · Cited by 13

Developments and Debates in the Historiography of Philosophy

Beaney, M. (2019) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781316779651.058 · Cited by 12

The Matrix of AI Agency: On the Demarcation Problem in Social Theory

Anicker, F., Flaßhoff, G., & Marcinkowski, F. (2024) · Sociological Theory · doi:10.1177/07352751241289925 · Cited by 12

Exploring Data-Driven Components of Socially Intelligent AI through Cooperative Game Paradigms

Bennett, C. C., Weiß, B., Suh, J., Yoon, E., Jeong, J., & Chae, Y. (2022) · Multimodal Technologies and Interaction · doi:10.3390/mti6020016 · Cited by 13

Collaborative Autonomy: Human–Robot Interaction to the Test of Intelligent Help

Cantucci, F., & Falcone, R. (2022) · Electronics · doi:10.3390/electronics11193065 · Cited by 12

The History of Philosophy of Science

Ladyman, J. (2019) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781316779651.017 · Cited by 11

The Intrinsic Quality of Experience

Harman, G. H. (1999) · doi:10.1093/0198238029.003.0015 · Cited by 12

Searle's argument is just a set of Chinese symbols

Abelson, R. P. (1980) · Behavioral and Brain Sciences · doi:10.1017/s0140525x00005768 · Cited by 12

The Pseudorealization Fallacy and the Chinese Room Argument

Moor, J. H. (1988) · Studies in cognitive systems · doi:10.1007/978-94-009-2699-8_2 · Cited by 12

Simplicity as a Pragmatic Criterion for Deciding What Hypotheses to Take Seriously

Harman, G. H. (1999) · doi:10.1093/0198238029.003.0004 · Cited by 12

Peut-on observer l’interprétation ?

Conein, B. (1990) · Éditions de l’École des hautes études en sciences sociales eBooks · doi:10.4000/books.editionsehess.25422 · Cited by 12

Why ChatGPT doesn’t think: an argument from rationality

Stoljar, D., & Zhang, Z. V. (2024) · Inquiry · doi:10.1080/0020174x.2024.2427061 · Cited by 12

THE CATEGORIES OF HUMOR AND PHILOSOPHY

Perkins, R. L. (1976) · Midwest Studies in Philosophy · doi:10.1111/j.1475-4975.1976.tb00019.x · Cited by 3

Contemporary American Philosophy

Thilly, F. (1926) · The Philosophical Review · doi:10.2307/2179493 · Cited by 25

Analytical Philosophy of History.

Harris, H. S., & Danto, A. C. (1968) · The Philosophical Review · doi:10.2307/2183015 · Cited by 70

Speculative Fiction and the Philosophy of Perception

Keeley, B. L. (2015) · Midwest Studies in Philosophy · doi:10.1111/misp.12043 · Cited by 2

Contemporary British Philosophy: Personal Statements.

Lamprecht, S. P., & Muirhead, J. H. (1925) · The Journal of Philosophy · doi:10.2307/2014216 · Cited by 9