Cited by 140Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics StudiesStatistical Methods and Bayesian InferenceStatistical Methods and Applications

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 9 of the 9 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Pseudoreplication Revisited

Open access

Heffner, Robert A., Butler, Mark J., Reilly, Colleen Keelan·1996·Ecology

DOI 10.2307/2265754

Open this paper in CoChat — free account Open PDF

Abstract

during 1960-1980 for evidence of pseudoreplication (Hurlbert 1984).Pseudoreplication is defined by Hurlbert (1984: 18) as

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.2307/2265754

Cites

9 of 9 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Pseudoreplication and the Design of Ecological Field Experiments
Hurlbert, S. H. (1984) · Ecological Monographs · doi:10.2307/1942661 · Cited by 8,377
Statistical Power Analysis can Improve Fisheries Research and Management
Peterman, R. M. (1990) · Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences · doi:10.1139/f90-001 · Cited by 788
Distribution‐Free and Robust Statistical Methods: Viable Alternatives to Parametric Statistics
Potvin, C., & Roff, D. A. (1993) · Ecology · doi:10.2307/1939920 · Cited by 464
Detecting Community-Wide Patterns: Estimating Power Strengthens Statistical Inference
Toft, C. A., & Shea, P. J. (1983) · The American Naturalist · doi:10.1086/284162 · Cited by 269
Large‐Scale Perturbations: Opportunities for Innovation
Carpenter, S. R. (1990) · Ecology · doi:10.2307/1938617 · Cited by 195
Detecting Changes in Ecological Time Series
Jassby, A. D., & Powell, T. M. (1990) · Ecology · doi:10.2307/1938618 · Cited by 141
Bayesian Inference in Non‐Replicated Ecological Studies
Reckhow, K. H. (1990) · Ecology · doi:10.2307/1938619 · Cited by 104
Pseudo‐Understanding of Pseudoreplication: A Cautionary Note
(1986) · Bulletin of the Ecological Society of America · doi:10.2307/20166513 · Cited by 46
Concluding Remarks: A Drop in the Ocean
Potvin, C., & Travis, J. (1993) · Ecology · doi:10.2307/1939925 · Cited by 6

Flagged first, then by citations

Show all 9 references

Research works printed but not linked: 3

Crowley, P. H. 1992. Resampling methods for computation- intensive data analyses in ecology and evolution. Annual Review Ecology and Systematics 23:405-447.
Hurlbert, S. H., and M. D. White. 1993. Experiments with freshwater invertebrate zooplanktivores: quality of statis- tical analysis. Bulletin of Marine Science 53:128-153.
Innis, G. S. 1979. Letter to the editor. Bulletin of the Eco- logical Society of America 60:142.

Sorted by citations

Predictive habitat distribution models in ecology
Guisan, A., & Zimmermann, N. E. (2000) · Ecological Modelling · doi:10.1016/s0304-3800(00)00354-9 · Cited by 7,359
Ecological models and data in R
Bolker, B. M. (2008) · doi:10.2307/j.ctvcm4g37 · Cited by 1,297
“The basics of experimental design — the meaning of and need for randomization, control, independence, and replication in setting up experiments, the idea of statistical power, and the concept of pseudoreplication (Hurlbert, 1984; Hargrove and Pickering, 1992; Heffner et al., 1996; Oksanen, 2001) — are essential tools…”
Background
Grazing vs. mowing: A meta-analysis of biodiversity benefits for grassland management
Tälle, M., Déak, B., Poschlod, P., Valkó, O., Westerberg, L. M., & Milberg, P. (2016) · Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment · doi:10.1016/j.agee.2016.02.008 · Cited by 420
The problem of pseudoreplication in neuroscientific studies: is it affecting your analysis?
Lazic, S. E. (2010) · BMC Neuroscience · doi:10.1186/1471-2202-11-5 · Cited by 381
A practical solution to pseudoreplication bias in single-cell studies
Zimmerman, K. D., Espeland, M. A., & Langefeld, C. D. (2021) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-021-21038-1 · Cited by 356
Remedies for pseudoreplication
Millar, R. B., & Anderson, M. J. (2004) · Fisheries Research · doi:10.1016/j.fishres.2004.08.016 · Cited by 292
The Importance of Replication in Wildlife Research
Johnson, D. H. (2002) · Journal of Wildlife Management · doi:10.2307/3802926 · Cited by 254
Grazing and Ecosystem Carbon Storage in the North American Great Plains
Derner, J., Boutton, T. W., & Briske, D. D. (2006) · Plant and Soil · doi:10.1007/s11104-005-2554-3 · Cited by 255
Assessing the performance of volunteers in monitoring streams
Fore, L. S., Paulsen, K., & O'Laughlin, K. (2001) · Freshwater Biology · doi:10.1046/j.1365-2427.2001.00640.x · Cited by 252
Scale effects and extrapolation in ecological experiments
Englund, G., & Cooper, S. D. (2003) · Advances in ecological research/Advances in Ecological Research · doi:10.1016/s0065-2504(03)33011-9 · Cited by 192
On misinterpretations of pseudoreplication and related matters: a reply to Oksanen
Hurlbert, S. H. (2004) · Oikos · doi:10.1111/j.0030-1299.2004.12752.x · Cited by 149
Mixed Models Offer No Freedom from Degrees of Freedom
Arnqvist, G. (2020) · Trends in Ecology & Evolution · doi:10.1016/j.tree.2019.12.004 · Cited by 135
Ten Suggestions to Strengthen the Science of Ecology
Belovsky, G. E., Botkin, D. B., Crowl, T. A., Cummins, K. W., Franklin, J. F., Hunter, M. L., Joern, A., Lindenmayer, D. B., MacMahon, J. A., Margules, C. R., et al. (2004) · BioScience · doi:10.1641/0006-3568(2004)054[0345:tststs]2.0.co;2 · Cited by 135
Application of the Hierarchical Bootstrap to Multi-Level Data in Neuroscience
Saravanan, V., Berman, G. J., & Sober, S. J. (2019) · doi:10.1101/819334 · Cited by 170
An Entomologist Guide to Demystify Pseudoreplication: Data Analysis of Field Studies With Design Constraints
Chaves, L. F., & Chaves, L. F. (2010) · Journal of Medical Entomology · doi:10.1093/jmedent/47.1.291 · Cited by 118
Future Tense and Economic Decisions: Controlling for Cultural Evolution
Roberts, S. G., Winters, J., & Chen, K. (2015) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0132145 · Cited by 123
Pseudoreplication in Tropical Forests and the Resulting Effects on Biodiversity Conservation
Ramage, B. S., Sheil, D., Salim, H. M. W., Fletcher, C. D., MUSTAFA, N. A., LURUTHUSAMAY, J. C., Harrison, R. D., Butod, E., Dzulkiply, A., Kassim, A. R., et al. (2013) · Conservation Biology · doi:10.1111/cobi.12004 · Cited by 105
The cause and consequence of ontogenetic changes in social aggregation in New Zealand spiny lobsters
Butler, M., MacDiarmid, A., & Booth, J. (1999) · Marine Ecology Progress Series · doi:10.3354/meps188179 · Cited by 104
Self-citation
Pseudoreplication in experimental designs for the manipulation of seed germination treatments
Morrison, D. A., & Morris, E. C. (2000) · Austral Ecology · doi:10.1046/j.1442-9993.2000.01025.x · Cited by 101
Certified and Uncertified Logging Concessions Compared in Gabon: Changes in Stand Structure, Tree Species, and Biomass
Medjibe, V. P., Putz, F. E., & Romero, C. (2012) · Environmental Management · doi:10.1007/s00267-012-0006-4 · Cited by 99
Effects of ultraviolet radiation and PAR on the content of usnic and divaricatic acids in two arctic-alpine lichens
Bjerke, J. W., Lerfall, K., & Elvebakk, A. (2002) · Photochemical & Photobiological Sciences · doi:10.1039/b203399b · Cited by 91
Assessment of ecological effects due to forest harvesting: approaches and statistical issues
Bennett, L. T., & Adams, M. A. (2004) · Journal of Applied Ecology · doi:10.1111/j.0021-8901.2004.00924.x · Cited by 86
HABITAT USE BY GILA MONSTERS: THE IMPORTANCE OF SHELTERS
Beck, D., & Jennings, R. D. (2003) · Herpetological Monographs · doi:10.1655/0733-1347(2003)017[0111:hubgmt]2.0.co;2 · Cited by 85
Sampling Flies or Sampling Flaws? Experimental Design and Inference Strength in Forensic Entomology
Michaud, J.-P., Schoenly, K. G., & Moreau, G. (2012) · Journal of Medical Entomology · doi:10.1603/me10229 · Cited by 77
In the deep end: pooling data and other statistical challenges of zoo and aquarium research
Kuhar, C. W. (2006) · Zoo Biology · doi:10.1002/zoo.20089 · Cited by 68
Pseudoreplication: a widespread problem in primate communication research
Waller, B. M., Warmelink, L., Liebal, K., Micheletta, J., & Slocombe, K. E. (2013) · Animal Behaviour · doi:10.1016/j.anbehav.2013.05.038 · Cited by 68
Free-ocean CO 2 enrichment (FOCE) systems: present status and future developments
Gattuso, J., Kirkwood, W. J., Barry, J., Cox, E., Gazeau, F., Hansson, L., Hendriks, I. E., Kline, D. I., Mahacek, P., Martin, S. G., et al. (2014) · Biogeosciences · doi:10.5194/bg-11-4057-2014 · Cited by 68
Draining the Pool? Carbon Storage and Fluxes in Three Alpine Plant Communities
Sørensen, M. V., Strimbeck, R., Nystuen, K. O., Kapás, R. E., Enquist, B., & Graae, B. (2018) · Ecosystems · doi:10.1007/s10021-017-0158-4 · Cited by 60
Assessment of Soil Health in Urban Agriculture: Soil Enzymes and Microbial Properties
Igalavithana, A. D., Lee, S. S., Niazi, N. K., Lee, Y. H., Kim, K. H., Park, J., Moon, D. H., & Ok, Y. S. (2017) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su9020310 · Cited by 62
Use of meta-analysis in forest biodiversity research: key challenges and considerations
Spake, R., & Doncaster, C. P. (2017) · Forest Ecology and Management · doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2017.05.059 · Cited by 60
“Pseudoreplication in forestry studies most commonly takes the form of simple segregation (Heffner et al., 1996).”
Background
Shapes and functions of bird-growth models: how to characterise chick postnatal growth
Tjørve, K. M. C., & Tjørve, E. (2010) · Zoology · doi:10.1016/j.zool.2010.05.003 · Cited by 60
A Review of Overlapping Landscapes: Pseudoreplication or a Red Herring in Landscape Ecology?
Zuckerberg, B., Cohen, J. M., Nunes, L. A., Bernath‐Plaisted, J. S., Clare, J. D. J., Gilbert, N. A., Kozidis, S. S., Nelson, S. B. M., Shipley, A. A., Thompson, K. L., et al. (2020) · Current Landscape Ecology Reports · doi:10.1007/s40823-020-00059-4 · Cited by 62
Plant Succession on Pumice at Mount St. Helens, Washington
Moral, R. (1999) · The American Midland Naturalist · doi:10.1674/0003-0031(1999)141[0101:psopam]2.0.co;2 · Cited by 59
Selection and parasite evolution: a reproductive fitness cost associated with virulence in the parthenogenetic nematode Meloidogyne incognita
Castagnone‐Sereno, P., Bongiovanni, M., & Wajnberg, É. (2006) · Evolutionary Ecology · doi:10.1007/s10682-006-9003-5 · Cited by 57
A practical guide to statistical methods for comparing means from two-stage sampling
Picquelle, S. J., & Mier, K. L. (2010) · Fisheries Research · doi:10.1016/j.fishres.2010.09.009 · Cited by 55
Pseudoreplication and Its Frequency in Olfactometric Laboratory Studies
Ramı́rez, C. C., Fuentes‐Contreras, E., Rodríguez, L. C., & Niemeyer, H. M. (2000) · Journal of Chemical Ecology · doi:10.1023/a:1005583624795 · Cited by 55
Surface water–groundwater exchanges in three dimensions on a backwater of the Rhône River
Dole‐Olivier, M. (1998) · Freshwater Biology · doi:10.1046/j.1365-2427.1998.00335.x · Cited by 54
SPECIES RICHNESS OF CORAL ASSEMBLAGES: DETECTING REGIONAL INFLUENCES AT LOCAL SPATIAL SCALES
Karlson, R. H., & Cornell, H. V. (2002) · Ecology · doi:10.1890/0012-9658(2002)083[0452:srocad]2.0.co;2 · Cited by 53
Functional Group and Species Responses to Precipitation in Three Semi-Arid Rangeland Ecosystems
Derner, J., Hess, B. W., Olson, R. A., & Schuman, G. E. (2007) · Arid Land Research and Management · doi:10.1080/15324980701784274 · Cited by 52
Decreased Soil Organic Matter in a Long‐Term Soil Warming Experiment Lowers Soil Water Holding Capacity and Affects Soil Thermal and Hydrological Buffering
Werner, W. J., Sanderman, J., & Melillo, J. M. (2020) · Journal of Geophysical Research Biogeosciences · doi:10.1029/2019jg005158 · Cited by 51
Biomass and compositional changes occur in chalk grassland turves exposed to elevated CO2 for two seasons in FACE
Warwick, K. R., Taylor, G., & Blum, H. (1998) · Global Change Biology · doi:10.1046/j.1365-2486.1998.00159.x · Cited by 51
Sponge and coral zooxanthellae in heat and light: preliminary results of photochemical efficiency monitored with pulse amplitude modulated fluorometry
Schönberg, C. H. L., Suwa, R., Hidaka, M., & Loh, W. K. W. (2008) · Marine Ecology · doi:10.1111/j.1439-0485.2007.00216.x · Cited by 50
Diagnosing the environmental causes of the decline in Grey Partridge Perdix perdix survival in France
Bro, E., Reitz, F., Clobert, J., Migot, P., & MASSOT, M. (2001) · Ibis · doi:10.1111/j.1474-919x.2001.tb04176.x · Cited by 47
Quantifying research waste in ecology
Purgar, M., Klanjšček, T., & Čulina, A. (2022) · Nature Ecology & Evolution · doi:10.1038/s41559-022-01820-0 · Cited by 49
DYNAMICS OF OAK (QUERCUS MARILANDICA AND Q. STELLATA) REPRODUCTION IN AN OLD-GROWTH CROSS TIMBERS FOREST
Clark, S. L., & Hallgren, S. W. (2003) · Southeastern Naturalist · doi:10.1656/1528-7092(2003)002[0559:dooqma]2.0.co;2 · Cited by 44
Concurrent Effects of Fire Regime, Grazing and Bison Wallowing on Tallgrass Prairie Vegetation
Trager, M. D., Wilson, G. W. T., & Hartnett, D. C. (2004) · The American Midland Naturalist · doi:10.1674/0003-0031(2004)152[0237:ceofrg]2.0.co;2 · Cited by 44
Past Human Disturbance Effects upon Biodiversity are Greatest in the Canopy; A Case Study on Rainforest Butterflies
Whitworth, A. W., Villacampa, J., Brown, A., Huarcaya, R. P., Downie, R., & MacLeod, R. (2016) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0150520 · Cited by 44
Towards Management of Residual Limb Volume: Monitoring the Prosthetic Interface Pressure to Detect Volume Fluctuations—A Feasibility Study
Ahmadizadeh, C., Pousett, B. M., & Menon, C. (2020) · Applied Sciences · doi:10.3390/app10196841 · Cited by 38
Combining and aggregating environmental data for status and trend assessments: challenges and approaches
Maas‐Hebner, K. G., Harte, M. J., Molina, N., Hughes, R. M., Schreck, C. B., & Yeakley, J. A. (2015) · Environmental Monitoring and Assessment · doi:10.1007/s10661-015-4504-8 · Cited by 37
The Effect of Water Limitation on Volatile Emission, Tree Defense Response, and Brood Success of Dendroctonus ponderosae in Two Pine Hosts, Lodgepole, and Jack Pine
Lusebrink, I., Erbilgin, N., & Evenden, M. L. (2016) · Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution · doi:10.3389/fevo.2016.00002 · Cited by 37
A novel marine mesocosm facility to study global warming, water quality, and ocean acidification
Duarte, G., Calderón, E. N., Pereira, C. M., Marangoni, L. F. D. B., dos Santos, H. F., Peixoto, R. S., Bianchini, A., & Castro, C. B. (2015) · Ecology and Evolution · doi:10.1002/ece3.1670 · Cited by 36
The Impact of Sheep Grazing on Net Nitrogen Mineralization Rate in Two Temperate Salt Marshes
Kiehl, K., Esselink, P., Gettner, S., & Bakker, J. P. (2001) · Plant Biology · doi:10.1055/s-2001-17730 · Cited by 32
Animal‐defined resources reveal nutritional inadequacies for woodland caribou during summer–autumn
Denryter, K., Cook, R. C., Cook, J. G., & Parker, K. L. (2022) · Journal of Wildlife Management · doi:10.1002/jwmg.22161 · Cited by 32
Yield response of potato to spatially patterned nitrogen application
Shillito, R., Timlin, D., Fleisher, D. H., Reddy, V. R., & Quebedeaux, B. (2008) · Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment · doi:10.1016/j.agee.2008.07.010 · Cited by 32
Strengthen forensic entomology in court—the need for data exploration and the validation of a generalised additive mixed model
Baqué, M., & Amendt, J. (2012) · International Journal of Legal Medicine · doi:10.1007/s00414-012-0675-9 · Cited by 31
Dynamics of 14 C-labelled glucose in alkaline saline soil
Luna-Guido, M. L., Hernández, R. I. B., & Dendooven, L. (2001) · Soil Biology and Biochemistry · doi:10.1016/s0038-0717(00)00101-2 · Cited by 31
Deforestation and Cultivation with Maize ( Zea mays L.) has a Profound Effect on the Bacterial Community Structure in Soil
Gómez-Acata, S., Becerril, I. V., Valenzuela-Encinas, C., Velázquez-Rodríguez, A. S., Navarro‐Noya, Y. E., Montoya-Ciriaco, N. M., Suárez-Arriaga, M. C., Rojas‐Valdez, A., Reyes‐Reyes, B. G., Luna-Guido, M. L., et al. (2014) · Land Degradation and Development · doi:10.1002/ldr.2328 · Cited by 30
Principles of experimental design for ecology and evolution
Marshall, D. J. (2024) · Ecology Letters · doi:10.1111/ele.14400 · Cited by 30
Effect of ozone exposure on the foraging behaviour of Bombus terrestris
Saunier, A., Grof‐Tisza, P., & Blande, J. D. (2022) · Environmental Pollution · doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120573 · Cited by 29
Short-Term Effects of High Suspended Sediments on Six Common New Zealand Stream Invertebrates
Suren, A. M., Martin, M. L., & Smith, B. J. (2005) · Hydrobiologia · doi:10.1007/s10750-005-4167-5 · Cited by 29
The Many Faces of Replication
Johnson, D. H. (2006) · Crop Science · doi:10.2135/cropsci2006.04.0277 · Cited by 28
A landscape-based approach for delineating hotspots of wildlife-vehicle collisions
Snow, N. P., Williams, D. M., & Porter, W. F. (2014) · Landscape Ecology · doi:10.1007/s10980-014-0018-y · Cited by 35
Wild boar in focus: Review of existing models on spatial distribution and density of wild boar and proposal for next steps
Croft, S., Smith, G., Acevedo, P., & Vicente, J. (2018) · EFSA Supporting Publications · doi:10.2903/sp.efsa.2018.en-1490 · Cited by 26
Avian community composition of kopjes in a heterogeneous landscape
Trager, M. D., & Mistry, S. (2003) · Oecologia · doi:10.1007/s00442-003-1204-9 · Cited by 26
Effects of Disturbance and Age of Invasion on the Impact of the Invasive Sand Sedge, Carex kobomugi, on Native Dune Plant Populations in New Jersey's Coastal Dunes
Burkitt, J., & Wootton, L. (2010) · Journal of Coastal Research · doi:10.2112/jcoastres-d-10-00108.1 · Cited by 24
Non‐intrusive monitoring of otters (Lutra lutra) using infrared technology
de Leániz, C. G., Forman, D. W., Davies, S., & Thomson, A. J. (2006) · Journal of Zoology · doi:10.1111/j.1469-7998.2006.00124.x · Cited by 24
Mineralization of 14C-labelled maize in alkaline saline soils
Luna-Guido, M. L., Vega-Estrada, J., Mendoza, A. P., Hernández-Hernández, H., Montes‐Horcasitas, M. C., Vaca-Mier, M., & Dendooven, L. (2003) · Plant and Soil · doi:10.1023/a:1022865728953 · Cited by 24
Dual impact of temperature on growth and mortality of marine fish larvae in a shallow estuarine habitat
Arula, T., Laur, K., Simm, M., & Ojaveer, H. (2015) · Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science · doi:10.1016/j.ecss.2015.10.004 · Cited by 22
Pseudoreplication and the usage of biomarkers in ecotoxicological bioassays
Osório, F. H. T., Galvan, G. L., Marques, A. E. M. L., Santos, G. S., Pereira, L. S., da Silva, T. A., de Assis, H. C. S., Barbosa, R. V., & Cestari, M. M. (2017) · Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry · doi:10.1002/etc.3823 · Cited by 22
Research Note Soil Characteristics in Semiarid Highlands of Central Mexico as Affected by Mesquite Trees (Prosopis laevigata)
Frías-Hernández, J. T., Aguilar-Ledezma, A. L., Olalde‐Portugal, V., Cinvestav-Ipn, Balderas-López, J. A., Gutiérrez-Juárez, G., Alvarado-Gil, J. J., Castro, J. J., Vargas, H., Albores, A., et al. (1999) · Arid Land Research and Management · doi:10.1080/089030699263339 · Cited by 22
Nitrogen Fertilizer Application Alters the Root Endophyte Bacterial Microbiome in Maize Plants, but Not in the Stem or Rhizosphere Soil
Miranda-Carrazco, A., Navarro‐Noya, Y. E., Govaerts, B., Verhulst, N., & Dendooven, L. (2022) · Microbiology Spectrum · doi:10.1128/spectrum.01785-22 · Cited by 21
LIVESTOCK AND VEGETATION RESPONSES TO ROTATIONAL GRAZING IN SHORT-GRASS STEPPE
Derner, J., & Hart, R. H. (2007) · Western North American Naturalist · doi:10.3398/1527-0904(2007)67[359:lavrtr]2.0.co;2 · Cited by 21
Human plague system associated with rodent diversity and other environmental factors
Sun, Z., Xu, L., Schmid, B. V., Dean, K. R., Zhang, Z., Xie, Y., Fang, X.-Y., Wang, S., Liu, Q., Lyu, B., et al. (2019) · Royal Society Open Science · doi:10.1098/rsos.190216 · Cited by 20
Parasites as fish population tags and pseudoreplication problems: the case of striped red mullet Mullus surmuletus in the Spanish Mediterranean
Ferrer-Castelló, E., Raga, J. A., & Aznar, F. J. (2007) · Journal of Helminthology · doi:10.1017/s0022149x07729553 · Cited by 18
Application of ammonium to a N limited arable soil enriches a succession of bacteria typically found in the rhizosphere
Hernández‐Guzmán, M., Pérez-Hernández, V., Navarro‐Noya, Y. E., Luna-Guido, M. L., Verhulst, N., Govaerts, B., & Dendooven, L. (2022) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-022-07623-4 · Cited by 17
Identifying the hotspots of wildlife–vehicle collision on the Çankırı–Kırıkkale highway during summer
Özcan, A. U., & Özkazanç, N. K. (2017) · TURKISH JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY · doi:10.3906/zoo-1601-64 · Cited by 17
Biologically Inspired Emotional Expressions for Artificial Agents
Korcsok, B., Konok, V., Persa, G., Faragó, T., Niitsuma, M., Miklósi, Á., Köröndi, P., Bárányi, P., & Gácsi, M. (2018) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01191 · Cited by 17
Development of probiotic vegetable juice usingLactobacillus RhamnosusGR-1
Dunkley, K. E., & Hekmat, S. (2019) · Nutrition & Food Science · doi:10.1108/nfs-06-2019-0192 · Cited by 16
Carbon stocks in riparian buffer systems at sites differing in soil texture, vegetation type and age compared to adjacent agricultural fields in southern Ontario, Canada
Vijayakumar, S., Bazrgar, A. B., Coleman, B., Gordon, A. D., Voroney, P. R., & Thevathasan, N. V. (2020) · Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment · doi:10.1016/j.agee.2020.107149 · Cited by 19
Effects of Timber Harvesting and Plantation Development on Cavity-nesting Birds in New Brunswick
Woodley, S. J., Johnson, G., Freedman, B., & Kirk, D. A. (2006) · The Canadian Field-Naturalist · doi:10.22621/cfn.v120i3.319 · Cited by 15
A case study of artificial reefs as a potential tool for maintaining artisanal fisheries in the French Mediterranean Sea
Tessier, A., Verdoit‐Jarraya, M., Blouet, S., Dalias, N., & Lenfant, P. (2014) · Aquatic Biology · doi:10.3354/ab00563 · Cited by 15
Field-Based Evaluation of Biopesticide Impacts on Native Biodiversity: Malagasy Coleoptera and Anti-Locust Entomopathogenic Fungi
Ivie, M. A., Pollock, D. A., Gustafson, D. L., Rasolomandimby, J., Ivie, L. L., & Swearingen, W. D. (2002) · Journal of Economic Entomology · doi:10.1603/0022-0493-95.4.651 · Cited by 15
Combining botanical collections and ecological data to better describe plant community diversity
Alba, C., Levy, R. A., & Hufft, R. A. (2021) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0244982 · Cited by 14
Statistical Tools for Analyzing Data on Behavioral Ecology of Insect Parasitoids
Wajnberg, É., & Haccou, P. (2008) · doi:10.1002/9780470696200.ch18 · Cited by 14
Monitoring Nontarget Lepidoptera onRibes cereumto Investigate Side Effects of an Operational Application ofBacillus thuringiensissubsp.kurstaki
Boulton, T. J., Otvos, I. S., & Ring, R. A. (2002) · Environmental Entomology · doi:10.1603/0046-225x-31.5.903 · Cited by 13
Long lasting impressions: After decades of regeneration rainforest biodiversity remains differentially affected following selective logging and clearance for agriculture
Whitworth, A. W., Huarcaya, R. P., Downie, R., Villacampa, J., Braunholtz, L., & MacLeod, R. (2018) · Global Ecology and Conservation · doi:10.1016/j.gecco.2018.e00375 · Cited by 13
Senescent Neotropical flowers (Lecythidaceae) offer a rich nutrient source to ground-foraging arthropods1,2
Whigham, A. E., Baxt, A., & Berkov, A. (2013) · The Journal of the Torrey Botanical Society · doi:10.3159/torrey-d-12-00028.1 · Cited by 12
Sea HareAplysia punctata(Mollusca: Gastropoda) Can Maintain Shell Calcification under Extreme Ocean Acidification
Carey, N., Dupont, S., & Sigwart, J. D. (2016) · Biological Bulletin · doi:10.1086/690094 · Cited by 12
Experimental Design: Basic Concepts
Kuhar, C. W. (2010) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-08-045337-8.00224-2 · Cited by 12
Selected microhabitat and surface temperatures of two sympatric lizard species
Žagar, A., Gomes, V., & Sillero, N. (2022) · Acta Oecologica · doi:10.1016/j.actao.2022.103887 · Cited by 11
Morphological and physicochemical traits of leaves of different life-forms of various broadleaf woody plants in interior Alaska
Kenzo, T., Tanaka‐Oda, A., Mastuura, Y., & Hinzman, L. D. (2016) · Canadian Journal of Forest Research · doi:10.1139/cjfr-2015-0417 · Cited by 11
Diel depth distributions of microbenthos in tidal creek sediments: high resolution mapping in fluorescently labeled embedded cores
First, M. R., & Hollibaugh, J. T. (2010) · Hydrobiologia · doi:10.1007/s10750-010-0417-2 · Cited by 10
Sap flow velocities of Acer saccharum and Quercus velutina during drought: Insights and implications from a throughfall exclusion experiment in West Virginia, USA
Guillén, L. A., Brzostek, E., McNeil, B. E., Raczka, N. C., Casey, B., & Zégre, N. (2022) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158029 · Cited by 10
Plant Interspaces Resulting From Contrasting Grazing Management in Northern Mixed-Grass Prairie: Implications for Ecosystem Function
Derner, J., & Whitman, A. J. (2009) · Rangeland Ecology & Management · doi:10.2111/08-098 · Cited by 10
The archaeal and bacterial community structure in composted cow manures is defined by the original populations: a shotgun metagenomic approach
Romero‐Yahuitl, V., Zarco-González, K. E., Toriz-Nava, A. L., Hernández, M., Velázquez-Fernández, J. B., Navarro‐Noya, Y. E., Luna-Guido, M. L., & Dendooven, L. (2024) · Frontiers in Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fmicb.2024.1425548 · Cited by 9
Six statistical issues in scientific writing that might lead to rejection of a manuscript
Agathokleous, E., & Yu, L. (2022) · Journal of Forestry Research · doi:10.1007/s11676-022-01471-8 · Cited by 10
Habitat suitability mapping and landscape connectivity analysis to predict African swine fever spread in wild boar populations: A focus on Northern Italy
Faustini, G., Soret, M., Defossez, A., Bosch, J., Conte, A., & Tran, A. (2025) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0317577 · Cited by 10
Effects of Supplementary Feeding on the Breeding Ecology of the Buff-Throated Partridge in a Tibetan Sacred Site, China
Yang, N., Moermond, T. C., Lloyd, H., Xu, Y., Dou, L., Zhang, K., Yue, B., & Ran, J. (2016) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0146568 · Cited by 8
Short-term effects of commercial fishing on the distribution and abundance of walleye pollock (Theragra chalcogramma)
Walline, P. D., Wilson, C. D., Hollowed, A. B., & Stienessen, S. (2012) · Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences · doi:10.1139/f2011-166 · Cited by 8
Replication of genetic associations as pseudoreplication due to shared genealogy
Rosenberg, N. A., & Canzoniero, J. V. (2009) · Genetic Epidemiology · doi:10.1002/gepi.20400 · Cited by 7

Authors: Heffner, R. A., Butler, M. J., & Reilly, C. K.
Venue: Ecology
Publisher: Wiley
Published: 1996-12
Volume: 77
Issue: 8
Pages: 2558-2562
ISSN: 0012-9658 (ISSN-L)
1939-9170
DOI: 10.2307/2265754
OpenAlex: W4240529425
Semantic Scholar: 79be96546a85de95d191acaf9aaaf35799fb84c4
Cited by: 139
References: 9
Citations by year: 2026: 3 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 6
FWCI: 2.44
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
digitalcommons.odu.edu
Licence: onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor)
Locations: Ecology (publishedVersion)
ODU Digital Commons (Old Dominion University) (submittedVersion)
Topics: Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Nature and Landscape Conservation › Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies
Physical Sciences › Mathematics › Statistics and Probability › Statistical Methods and Bayesian Inference
Physical Sciences › Mathematics › Statistics and Probability › Statistical Methods and Applications
Keywords: pseudoreplication, statistical inference, repeated measures, sample size, statistical power, ecological data analysis

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Pseudoreplication Revisited

Abstract

Overview

Integrity signals

Verification

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Self-check

Citations

Cites

Cited by

Related

Metadata

Record

About these checks