Problems with Instrumental Variables Estimation When the Correlation Between the Instruments and the Endogeneous Explanatory Variable is Weak

Variation in the SLC23A1 gene does not influence cardiometabolic outcomes to the extent expected given its association with l-ascorbic acid

Wade, K. H., Forouhi, N. G., Cook, D. G., Johnson, P., McConnachie, A., Morris, R. W., Rodriguez, S., Ye, Z., Ebrahim, S., Padmanabhan, S., et al. (2015) · The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.3945/ajcn.114.092981 · Cited by 12

Assessing the Combined Effects of Transportation Infrastructure on Regional Tourism Development in China Using a Spatial Econometric Model (GWPR)

Shen, P., Yin, P., & Niu, B. (2023) · Land · doi:10.3390/land12010216 · Cited by 12

An Evaluation of the Non-Neutrality of Money

Moreira, T. B. S., Tabak, B. M., de Mendonça, M. J. C., et al. (2016) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0145710 · Cited by 12

Impacts of Late School Entry on Children's Cognitive Development in Rural Northwestern China—Does Preprimary Education Matter?

Chen, Q. (2017) · Asia & the Pacific Policy Studies · doi:10.1002/app5.192 · Cited by 12

The promise of genes for understanding cause and effect

Conley, D., & Zhang, S. (2018) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1805585115 · Cited by 14

Voter response to congressional campaigns: new techniques for analyzing aggregate electoral behavior

Basinger, S. J., Cann, D. M., & Ensley, M. J. (2010) · Public Choice · doi:10.1007/s11127-010-9730-6 · Cited by 12

Going Entrepreneurial? IPOs and New Firm CreationPreprint

Babina, T., Ouimet, P., & Zarutskie, R. E. (2017) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.2924633 · Cited by 12

The Impact of Using a Mobile App on Learning Success in Accounting EducationPreprint

Johannsen, F., Knipp, M., Loy, T., et al. (2021) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.3923682 · Cited by 12

Preferences over the Racial Composition of Neighborhoods: Estimates and Implications

Davis, M. A., Gregory, J., & Hartley, D. A. (2023) · doi:10.21033/wp-2023-23 · Cited by 12

The effect of wage dispersion on team outcome and the way team outcome is produced

Franck, E. P., & Nüesch, S. (2010) · Applied Economics · doi:10.1080/00036840903427224 · Cited by 11

Corporate social responsibility and tax avoidance: evidence from BRICS countries

Pipatnarapong, J., Beelitz, A., & Jaafar, A. (2025) · Corporate Governance · doi:10.1108/cg-09-2024-0463 · Cited by 29

Boys will be boys: are there gender differences in the effect of sexual abstinence on schooling?

Sabia, J. J., & Rees, D. I. (2010) · Health Economics · doi:10.1002/hec.1589 · Cited by 10

Vertical foreign direct investment: Evidence from Japanese and U.S. multinational enterprises

Tanaka, K. (2010) · Japan and the World Economy · doi:10.1016/j.japwor.2010.11.006 · Cited by 11

Beneficial effects of moderate alcohol use—a case for Occam's razor?

Gmel, G. E. (2016) · Addiction · doi:10.1111/add.13550 · Cited by 10

Dose–response modeling in mental health using stein‐like estimators with instrumental variables

Ginestet, C. E., Emsley, R., & Landau, S. (2017) · Statistics in Medicine · doi:10.1002/sim.7265 · Cited by 11

Rates of Return to Four‐Year University Education: An Application of Regression Discontinuity Design

Fan, E. T., Meng, X., Wei, Z., & Zhao, G. (2017) · Scandinavian Journal of Economics · doi:10.1111/sjoe.12251 · Cited by 17

A systematic review of instrumental variable analyses using geographic region as an instrument

Vertosick, E., Assel, M. J., & Vickers, A. J. (2017) · Cancer Epidemiology · doi:10.1016/j.canep.2017.10.005 · Cited by 11

Educational attainment and environmental concern in China: An instrumental variable approach

Olivos, F., Vélez, G. F. P., Olivos‐Jara, P., & Liu, M. (2020) · Asian Journal Of Social Psychology · doi:10.1111/ajsp.12431 · Cited by 11

ESTIMATING THE IMPACT OF BEER PRICES ON THE INCIDENCE OF SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES: CROSS‐PROVINCE AND TIME SERIES EVIDENCE FROM CANADA

Sen, A., & Luong, M. (2008) · Contemporary Economic Policy · doi:10.1111/j.1465-7287.2008.00114.x · Cited by 11

Choosing the optimal set of instruments from large instrument sets

Kapetanios, G. (2006) · Computational Statistics & Data Analysis · doi:10.1016/j.csda.2005.12.022 · Cited by 11

Teen families, welfare transfers, and the minimum wage: evidence from Canada

Sen, A., & Ariizumi, H. (2013) · Canadian Journal of Economics/Revue canadienne d économique · doi:10.1111/caje.12004 · Cited by 9

Further evidence of excess sensitivity of consumption? Nonseparability among goods and heterogeneity across households

Alegre, J., & Pou, L. (2008) · Applied Economics · doi:10.1080/00036840600749896 · Cited by 11

MR-SPLIT: A novel method to address selection and weak instrument bias in one-sample Mendelian randomization studies

Shi, R., Wang, L., Burgess, S., & Cui, Y. (2024) · PLoS Genetics · doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1011391 · Cited by 10

Der Bildungserfolg von Schülern mit Migrationshintergrund im Vergleich zu Schülern ohne Migrationshintergrund

Diefenbach, H. (2011) · VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-531-92759-6_15 · Cited by 10

Static and Dynamic Externalities, Industry Composition, and State Labor Productivity: A Panel Study of States

Partridge, M. D., & Rickman, D. S. (1999) · Southern Economic Journal · doi:10.1002/j.2325-8012.1999.tb00249.x · Cited by 10

Landholding Inequality and the Consolidation of Democracy: Evidence from Nineteenth-Century France

Montalbo, A. (2023) · The Journal of Economic History · doi:10.1017/s0022050723000013 · Cited by 11

Instrumental variable model average with applications in Mendelian randomization

Seng, L. L., Liu, C., Wang, J., & Li, J. (2023) · Statistics in Medicine · doi:10.1002/sim.9819 · Cited by 10

The impact of advanced vocational education and training on earnings in S weden

Andersson, R., Nabavi, P., & Wilhelmsson, M. H. (2014) · International Journal of Training and Development · doi:10.1111/ijtd.12040 · Cited by 10

Sickness Absence and Local Benefit Cultures

Lindbeck, A., Palme, M. O., & Persson, M. (2015) · Scandinavian Journal of Economics · doi:10.1111/sjoe.12131 · Cited by 11

Evaluation of Causal Effects and Local Structure Learning of Causal Networks

Geng, Z., Liu, Y., Liu, C., & Miao, W. (2018) · Annual Review of Statistics and Its Application · doi:10.1146/annurev-statistics-030718-105312 · Cited by 10

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Battisti, M. (2011) · Bulletin of Economic Research · doi:10.1111/j.1467-8586.2011.00415.x · Cited by 10

Assessing the impact of local taxation on property prices: a spatial matching contribution

Charlot, S., Paty, S., & Visalli, M. (2011) · Applied Economics · doi:10.1080/00036846.2011.613798 · Cited by 10

Payment schemes and cost efficiency: evidence from Swiss public hospitals

Meyer, S. (2014) · International Journal of Health Economics and Management · doi:10.1007/s10754-014-9159-4 · Cited by 10

Schools without a law: Primary education in France from the Revolution to the Guizot Law

Montalbo, A. (2020) · Explorations in Economic History · doi:10.1016/j.eeh.2020.101364 · Cited by 10

Nutrition, labour productivity and labour supply of men and women in Ghana

van den Boom, G. J. M., Nubé, M., & Asenso‐Okyere, W. K. (1996) · The Journal of Development Studies · doi:10.1080/00220389608422441 · Cited by 10

THE ESTIMATION OF HUMAN CAPITAL BY ADMINISTRATIVE ARCHIVES IN A STATIC AND LONGITUDINAL PERSPECTIVE: THE CASE OF MILAN

Lovaglio, P. G. (2010) · Journal of Economic Surveys · doi:10.1111/j.1467-6419.2009.00613.x · Cited by 10

Overcoming Attenuation Bias in Regressions using Polygenic Indices: A Comparison of ApproachesPreprint

van Kippersluis, H., Biroli, P., Pereira, R. D., Galama, T. J., von Hinke, S., Meddens, S. F. W., Muslimova, D., Slob, E. A. W., de Vlaming, R., & Rietveld, C. A. (2021) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2021.04.09.439157 · Cited by 14

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Camilleri, S., & Diebold, J. (2019) · Health Services Research · doi:10.1111/1475-6773.13111 · Cited by 9

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Bhanot, S. P., Chang, D., Lee, J., & Ranson, M. H. (2020) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0243044 · Cited by 10

The Invisible Hand of Rain in Spending: Effect of Rainfall‐Driven Agricultural Income on Per Capita Expenditure in Ghana

Akobeng, E. (2016) · South African Journal of Economics · doi:10.1111/saje.12131 · Cited by 10

THE LABOR MARKET CONSEQUENCES OF TEENAGE CHILDBEARING

Silles, M. A. (2018) · Contemporary Economic Policy · doi:10.1111/coep.12417 · Cited by 9

Instrumental variable‐based assessment of the effect of psychotherapy on suicide attempts, health, and economic outcomes in schizophrenia

Blæhr, E. E., & Søgaard, R. (2021) · Health Economics · doi:10.1002/hec.4227 · Cited by 9

Offsetting or Enhancing Behavior: An Empirical Analysis of Motorcycle Helmet Safety Legislation

Lee, J. M. (2015) · Risk Analysis · doi:10.1111/risa.12376 · Cited by 9

Benefits of ICU admission in critically ill patients: Whether instrumental variable methods or propensity scores should be used

Pirracchio, R., Sprung, C. L., Payen, D. M., & Chevret, S. (2011) · BMC Medical Research Methodology · doi:10.1186/1471-2288-11-132 · Cited by 10

Factors Affecting Plan Choice and Unmet Need among Supplemental Security Income Eligible Children with Disabilities

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Resolving Simultaneity Bias: Using Features to Estimate Causal Effects in Competitive Games

Christiansen, A. H., Gensby, E., & Weber, B. S. (2019) · IEEE Conference on Games (CoG) · doi:10.1109/cig.2019.8848059 · Cited by 9

Inequality and growth: What comes from the different inequality measures?

Bartak, J., & Jabłoński, Ł. (2019) · Bulletin of Economic Research · doi:10.1111/boer.12220 · Cited by 8

Instrumental variables: to strengthen or not to strengthen?

Heng, S., Zhang, B., Han, X., Lorch, S. A., & Small, D. S. (2023) · Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series A (Statistics in Society) · doi:10.1093/jrsssa/qnad075 · Cited by 9

Market access and regional dispersion of human capital accumulation in Turkey

Karahasan, B. C., & Bilgel, F. (2020) · Review of Development Economics · doi:10.1111/rode.12676 · Cited by 9

Remittances and agricultural productivity in Burkina Faso

Dedewanou, F. A., & Tossou, R. C. B. K. (2021) · Applied Economic Perspectives and Policy · doi:10.1002/aepp.13188 · Cited by 9

Further consequences of viewing LIML as an iterated Aitken estimator

Gao, C., & Lahiri, K. (2000) · Journal of Econometrics · doi:10.1016/s0304-4076(99)00083-4 · Cited by 9

The economic return on education for hotel managers

Barros, C. P., & Santos, C. (2007) · International Journal of Tourism Research · doi:10.1002/jtr.596 · Cited by 9

On Mendelian randomization analysis of case‐control study

Zhang, H., Qin, J., Berndt, S. I., Albanes, D., Deng, L., Gail, M. H., & Yu, K. F. (2019) · Biometrics · doi:10.1111/biom.13166 · Cited by 7

The Gender Pay Gap by Occupation: A Test of the Crowding Hypothesis

Solberg, E. J. (2004) · Contemporary Economic Policy · doi:10.1093/cep/byi011 · Cited by 9

Earnings and Schooling of Cooperative Managers

Barros, C. P., & Santos, J. C. (2003) · Annals of Public and Cooperative Economics · doi:10.1111/1467-8292.00227 · Cited by 9

Commentary: Can 'many weak' instruments ever be 'strong'?

Sheehan, N. A., & Didelez, V. (2011) · International Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/ije/dyr017 · Cited by 9

Female small business owners in China: Discouraged, not discriminated

Caglayan, M. O., Talavera, O., & Xiong, L. (2022) · Journal of International Financial Markets Institutions and Money · doi:10.1016/j.intfin.2022.101649 · Cited by 8

Estimating the impacts of household behavior on youth smoking: evidence from Ontario, Canada

Sen, A. (2008) · Review of Economics of the Household · doi:10.1007/s11150-008-9046-1 · Cited by 8

Robust Estimation with Nonrandom Measurement Error and Weak Instruments

Betz, T. (2012) · Political Analysis · doi:10.1093/pan/mps037 · Cited by 8

On the use of kernel machines for Mendelian randomization

Zhang, W., & Ghosh, D. (2017) · Quantitative Biology · doi:10.1007/s40484-017-0124-3 · Cited by 8

The combined effects of high-speed rail and aviation on tourist arrivals in China

Shen, P., Yin, P., & Zhang, T. (2023) · Research in Transportation Business & Management · doi:10.1016/j.rtbm.2023.100970 · Cited by 8

Instrumental variable meta-analysis of individual patient data: application to adjust for treatment non-compliance

Miladinović, B., Kumar, A., Hozo, I., & Djulbegović, B. (2011) · BMC Medical Research Methodology · doi:10.1186/1471-2288-11-55 · Cited by 8

Going Entrepreneurial? IPOs and New Firm Creation

Zarutskie, R. E., Babina, T., & Ouimet, P. (2017) · Finance and Economics Discussion Series · doi:10.17016/feds.2017.022 · Cited by 8

DEMONSTRATED INTEREST: SIGNALING BEHAVIOR IN COLLEGE ADMISSIONS

Dearden, J. A., Li, S., Meyerhoefer, C. D., et al. (2017) · Contemporary Economic Policy · doi:10.1111/coep.12216 · Cited by 8

Velocity of money and inflation dynamics

Kim, H., & Subramanian, C. (2008) · Applied Economics Letters · doi:10.1080/13504850701719652 · Cited by 8

Real estate activity, democracy and land rights in rural China

Li, S., & Vendryes, T. (2018) · China Economic Review · doi:10.1016/j.chieco.2018.05.004 · Cited by 8

Who Pays More for Food?

Stewart, H., & Blisard, N. (2008) · Journal of Agricultural Economics · doi:10.1111/j.1477-9552.2007.00139.x · Cited by 8

The econometrics of rational partisan theory

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Non-Compliance and Instrumental Variables in Behavioural Medicine: a Commentary on van Dongen et al.

Ferguson, E. (2013) · Annals of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1007/s12160-012-9460-8 · Cited by 7

Further Applications of Advanced Methods to Infer Causes in the Study of Physiologic Childbirth

Snowden, J. M., & Tilden, E. L. (2018) · Journal of Midwifery & Women s Health · doi:10.1111/jmwh.12732 · Cited by 7

Preventing households from food insecurity in rural Burkina Faso: Does nonfarm income matter?

Séogo, W. (2022) · Agribusiness · doi:10.1002/agr.21755 · Cited by 7

The association between owning a videogame console and the gender gap in STEM: an instrumental variable approach

Bustamante-Barreto, A., Corredor, J., & Hernandez-Posada, J. D. (2022) · Journal of Computers in Education · doi:10.1007/s40692-022-00247-7 · Cited by 7

Model Spesifikasi Dinamis Permintaan Rokok: Rasionalkah Perokok Indonesia?

Hidayat, B., & Thabrany, H. (2008) · Kesmas National Public Health Journal · doi:10.21109/kesmas.v3i3.223 · Cited by 7

Are smokers rational addicts? Empirical evidence from the Indonesian Family Life Survey

Hidayat, B., & Thabrany, H. (2011) · Harm Reduction Journal · doi:10.1186/1477-7517-8-6 · Cited by 7

Modeling old-age wealth with endogenous early-life outcomes: The case of Mexico

DeGraff, D. S., & Wong, R. (2013) · The Journal of the Economics of Ageing · doi:10.1016/j.jeoa.2013.11.002 · Cited by 7

Does Married Women's Market Work Affect Marital Stability Adversely? An Intercohort Analysis Using NLS Data

Sen, B. (2002) · Review of Social Economy · doi:10.1080/00346760110127100 · Cited by 7

Cross-sectional averaging and instrumental variable estimation with many weak instruments

Kapetanios, G., & Marcellino, M. G. (2010) · Economics Letters · doi:10.1016/j.econlet.2010.03.013 · Cited by 7

School Entry Age and Children's Social-Behavioral Skills: Evidence from a National Longitudinal Study of US KindergartnersPreprint

Datar, A., & Gottfried, M. A. (2013) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.2354649 · Cited by 7

Advertising, Attention, and Financial MarketsPreprint

Focke, F., Ruenzi, S., & Ungeheuer, M. (2014) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.2544294 · Cited by 7

Can white elephants kill? Unintended consequences of infrastructure development in Peru

Bancalari, A. (2020) · doi:10.1920/wp.ifs.2020.3220 · Cited by 7

Does Foreign Investors’ Information Access Vary with Geopolitical Tensions? Evidence from Corporate Conference Calls

LU, Y., Wu, J. S., & YANG, Y. (. (2025) · Journal of Accounting Research · doi:10.1111/1475-679x.70009 · Cited by 6

Corporate communication and likelihood of data breaches

Abukari, K., Dutta, S., Li, C., Tang, S., & Zhu, P. (2024) · International Review of Economics & Finance · doi:10.1016/j.iref.2024.103433 · Cited by 6

Intertemporal sustainability of current account imbalances: New evidence from the OECD countries

Singh, T. (2019) · Economic Notes · doi:10.1111/ecno.12129 · Cited by 6

Early Years Multi‐grade Classes and Pupil Attainment*

Borbély, D., Gehrsitz, M., McIntyre, S., et al. (2023) · Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics · doi:10.1111/obes.12561 · Cited by 6

Determinants of general dentists’ decisions to accept capitation payment: a conceptual model and empirical estimates

Conrad, D. A., Lee, R., Milgrom, P., et al. (2009) · Community Dentistry And Oral Epidemiology · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0528.2008.00454.x · Cited by 6

Is gateway city clustering behind Canada's declining immigrant home‐ownership rates?

Haan, M. (2009) · Population Space and Place · doi:10.1002/psp.523 · Cited by 6

Behavior, Robustness, and Sufficient Statistics in Welfare Measurement

Just, R. E. (2010) · Annual Review of Resource Economics · doi:10.1146/annurev-resource-040709-135125 · Cited by 6

Happy In The Informal Economy? A Case Study Of Well-Being Among Day Labourers In South Africa

Blaauw, D., Botha, I., Schenck, R., & Schoeman, C. (2013) · International Business & Economics Research Journal (IBER) · doi:10.19030/iber.v12i6.7870 · Cited by 6

A further investigation of the link between trade and income

Ondrich, J. I., Richardson, J. D., & Zhang, S. (2006) · International Economic Journal · doi:10.1080/10168730500515464 · Cited by 6

China's exports, export tax rebates and exchange rate policy

Xu, Z. (2017) · World Economy · doi:10.1111/twec.12570 · Cited by 6

Multidimensional skills and the returns to schooling: Evidence from an interactive fixed‐effects approach and a linked survey‐administrative data set

Kejriwal, M., Li, X., & Totty, E. (2020) · Journal of Applied Econometrics · doi:10.1002/jae.2759 · Cited by 6

An observational study of adolescent health outcomes associated with school‐based health service utilization: A causal analysis

Denny, S., Grant, S., Galbreath, R., Utter, J., Fleming, T. M., & Clark, T. C. (2019) · Health Services Research · doi:10.1111/1475-6773.13136 · Cited by 6

Explaining the causal effect of adherence to medication on cholesterol through the marginal patient

Depalo, D. (2020) · Health Economics · doi:10.1002/hec.4030 · Cited by 6

The Demand For Money: A Structural Econometric Investigation

Dutkowsky, D. H., & Ateşoğlu, H. S. (2001) · Southern Economic Journal · doi:10.1002/j.2325-8012.2001.tb00399.x · Cited by 6

Identifying Key Statistical Papers From 1985 to 2002 Using Citation Data for Applied Biostatisticians

Schell, M. J. (2010) · The American Statistician · doi:10.1198/tast.2010.08250 · Cited by 6

ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND JOB LOCK: THE INTERACTION BETWEEN TAX SUBSIDIES AND HEALTH INSURANCE REGULATIONS

Nikpay, S. (2019) · Contemporary Economic Policy · doi:10.1111/coep.12424 · Cited by 6

Sign reversal in LIVE treatment effect estimates: The effect of vocational training on unemployment duration

Eyal, Y., & Beenstock, M. (2007) · Labour Economics · doi:10.1016/j.labeco.2007.10.001 · Cited by 6

Household environmental protection and the intergenerational transmission of human capital

Agee, M. D., & Crocker, T. D. (2000) · Journal of Economic Psychology · doi:10.1016/s0167-4870(00)00026-x · Cited by 6

Advertising and Quality in the U.S. Market for Automobiles

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Instrumental Variable Estimation in Social Work Research: A Technique for Estimating Causal Effects in Nonrandomized Settings

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Instrumental Variable Estimation of Tourism Demand: Comparing Level Versus Change-Rate ModelsPreprint

Min, C.-K. (2012) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.2174241

Historical Instruments and Contemporary Endogenous RegressorsPreprint

Casey, G. P., & Klemp, M. (2021) · doi:10.36934/wecon:2021-02 · Cited by 3

Looking again at instrumental variable estimation of wage models in the gender wage gap literature

Kunze, A. (2004) · Research in labor economics · doi:10.1016/s0147-9121(01)20049-1 · Cited by 2

Instrumental Variable Estimation of a Characteristics Model of Demand

Pudney, S. E. (1981) · The Review of Economic Studies · doi:10.2307/2297155 · Cited by 18