The DOI matches its Crossref record; 28 of the 28 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
ATTITUDES TOWARD RISK AND THE RISK-RETURN PARADOX: PROSPECT THEORY EXPLANATIONS.
Open accessAbstract
This study attempted to explain Bowman's risk-return paradox in terms of recent research in behavioral decision theory and prospect theory.The research emphasized the role of reference, or target, return levels in analyzing risky choices.For returns below target, a large majority of individuals appear to be risk seeking; for returns above target, a large majority appear to be risk averse.Using extensive COMPUSTAT-based data on U.S. firms, we consistently found a negative risk-return association for firms having returns below target levels and a positive association for firms with returns above target.These results support the basic propositions of prospect theory and are extremely robust within and across industries and for all time periods studied.This content downloaded from 202.161.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Prospect Theory: An Analysis of Decision under Risk
Kahneman, D., & Tversky, A. (1979) · Econometrica · doi:10.2307/1914185 · Cited by 48,524
Prospect theory: An analysis of decision under risk
Kahneman, D., & Tversky, A. (1988) · Decision, Probability and Utility · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511609220.014 · Cited by 32,474
(2010) · Cited by 24,023
The Framing of Decisions and the Psychology of Choice
Tversky, A., & Kahneman, D. (1981) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.7455683 · Cited by 18,497
The Utility Analysis of Choices Involving Risk
Friedman, M., & Savage, L. J. (1948) · Journal of Political Economy · doi:10.1086/256692 · Cited by 3,077
Strategy, structure, and economic performance
Rumelt, R. P. (1974) · Cited by 2,379
The Escalation of Commitment To a Course of Action
Staw, B. M. (1981) · The Academy of Management Review · doi:10.5465/amr.1981.4285694 · Cited by 1,693
PERFORMANCE, SLACK, AND RISK TAKING IN ORGANIZATIONAL DECISION MAKING.
Singh, J. V. (1986) · Academy of Management Journal · doi:10.2307/256224 · Cited by 1,477
Mean-Risk Analysis with Risk Associated with Below-Target Returns
Fishburn, P. C. (1975) · American Economic Review · Cited by 1,214
(2007) · Financial Management for Hospitality Decision Makers · doi:10.4324/9780080506456-11 · Cited by 1,022
Cited by
Gómez-Mejía, L. R., Haynes, K. T., Núñez-Nickel, M., Jacobson, K. J. L., & Moyano-Fuentes, J. (2007) · Administrative Science Quarterly · doi:10.2189/asqu.52.1.106 · Cited by 4,380
Reconceptualizing the Determinants of Risk Behavior
Sitkin, S. B., & Pablo, A. L. (1992) · The Academy of Management Review · doi:10.2307/258646 · Cited by 2,057
Timid choices and bold forecasts: a cognitive perspective on risk taking.
Kahneman, D., & Lovallo, D. (1993) · Management Science · doi:10.1287/mnsc.39.1.17 · Cited by 2,043
TESTING A CAUSAL MODEL OF CORPORATE RISK TAKING AND PERFORMANCE.
Bromiley, P. (1991) · Academy of Management Journal · doi:10.2307/256301 · Cited by 1,453
To be different, or to be the same? It’s a question (and theory) of strategic balance
Deephouse, D. L. (1999) · Strategic Management Journal · doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-0266(199902)20:2<147::aid-smj11>3.0.co;2-q · Cited by 1,304
Metadata
- Authors
- Fiegenbaum, A., & Thomas, H.
- Venue
- Academy of Management Journal
- Publisher
- Academy of Management
- Published
- 1988-03-01
- Volume
- 31
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 85-106
- ISSN
- 0001-4273 (ISSN-L)
- 1948-0989
- OpenAlex
- W2072612272
- Cited by
- 677
- References
- 28
- FWCI
- 6.33
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: ATTITUDES TOWARD RISK AND THE RISK-RETURN PARADOX: PROSPECT THEORY EXPLANATIONS. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.2307/256499
- The paper
- Fiegenbaum, A., & Thomas, H. (1988). ATTITUDES TOWARD RISK AND THE RISK-RETURN PARADOX: PROSPECT THEORY EXPLANATIONS. Academy of Management Journal. https://doi.org/10.2307/256499
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
